Epidemiology of necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns: surgical analysis of data from kazakhstan for 2020–2024

Authors

  • Khuzhakhmedova Rimma Candidate of PhD, neonatal surgeon assistant of the Department ”Pediatrics -1”, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Kemelbekov Kanatzhan PhD, Head of the Department of Pediatrics -1, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Erekeshov Asylzhan Associated professor of Medical Sciences, Neonatal surgeon, Almaty, Kazakhstan, “Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric surgery”
  • Anartaуeva Mariya Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-rector for educational and methodical work PhD., South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Tanabayev Baimakhan Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor, Head of the Department “Morphophysiology”, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Seitkhanova Bibigul Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Allergology, and Immunology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Shapambayev Nasriddin PhD in Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of “General Practitioner - 1”, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Japarov Akhmadkul Head of the Department of ”Surgical emergency room”, City Children`s Clinical hospital Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  • Yernazarov Adilet PhD, Head of the Department of Special Surgical Disciplines, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v24i4.84675

Keywords:

newborn; surgery; necrotizing enterocolitis; data analysis

Abstract

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a major challenge in neonatology, particularly affecting premature infants and those with very low birth weight. This study analyzes trends in NEC incidence in Kazakhstan from 2020 to 2024, highlighting regional disparities and comparing them with international benchmarks. Data from perinatal centers and neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) indicate a significant increase in NEC cases, particularly in urban areas. Key recommendations include improving early diagnosis, standardizing feeding protocols, and promoting the use of breast milk to reduce NEC incidence and associated mortality rates. Objective The aim of this study was to examine surgical necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns. Materials and Methods This retrospective study analyzed data on NEC cases from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and perinatal centers across Kazakhstan from 2020 to 2024. Cases were categorized by region and year, with additional analysis focusing on neonatal characteristics such as birth weight and gestational age. Comparative analysis with international data was conducted to contextualize findings and identify potential areas for improvement in neonatal care practices. Results The analysis revealed a significant increase in NEC incidence in Kazakhstan, particularly in urban regions such as Almaty and Almaty Region. The number of cases peaked in 2023, with a 1.7-fold increase compared to 2020. Regional disparities were evident, with higher incidence rates in areas with better healthcare infrastructure. In less developed regions, such as Akmola and Turkestan, the growth was less pronounced but still present. Conclusion This study underscores the rising trend of NEC in Kazakhstan and the associated regional disparities. Adopting evidence-based preventive measures, enhancing healthcare infrastructure, and standardizing neonatal care protocols are essential for reducing NEC incidence and improving outcomes for this vulnerable population.

BJMS, Vol. 24 No. 04 October’25 Page : 1119-1123

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Published

2025-11-02

How to Cite

Rimma, K., Kanatzhan, K., Asylzhan, E., Mariya, A., Baimakhan, T., Bibigul, S., … Adilet, Y. (2025). Epidemiology of necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns: surgical analysis of data from kazakhstan for 2020–2024. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 24(4), 1119–1123. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v24i4.84675

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 4 (2025)

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Khuzhakhmedova Rimma, Kemelbekov Kanatzhan, Erekeshov Asylzhan, Anartaуeva Mariya, Tanabayev Baimakhan, Seitkhanova Bibigul, Shapambayev Nasriddin, Japarov Akhmadkul, Yernazarov Adilet

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