Coexistence of diverse heavy metal pollution magnitudes: Health risk assessment of affected cattle and human population in some rural regions, Qena, Egypt

Authors

  • Hassan M Diab Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Environment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
  • Mohammed A Alkahtani Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • Ahmed S Ahmed Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
  • Atef M Khalil Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
  • Mohmmed A Alshehri Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • Mohamed AA Ahmed Central Laboratory of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
  • Ibrahim F Rehan Department of Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menofia University, Shebin Alkom, Menofia, Egypt
  • Ahmed A Elmansi Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • Ahmed E Ahmed Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

Keywords:

Heavy metals; health hazards; hematological markers; polluted water and milk

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the mean concentrations of heavy metals including aluminum (Al), arsenic, nickel (Ni), mercury, lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) and to assess the health hazards due to the exposure of cattle/human population to a distinct or the mixture of heavy metals through various sources.

Materials and methods: A total of 180 samples including water sources, animal feed, and raw cows’ milk from rural regions in Qena, Egypt, were examined using the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP; iCAP 6200).

Results: The data highlighted heavy metal pollution with variable concentrations among most of the investigated regions. All concentrations of Al, Ni, and Cd detected in the feeding stuff showed a strong correlation to their respective levels in milk rather than those detected in water (R2= 0.072 vs. 0.039, 0.13 vs. 0.10, and 0.46 vs. 0.014, respectively) (p < 0.05). Anisocytosis and poi­kilocytosis with a tendency to rouleaux formation were evident, and basophilic stippling was a pathognomic indicator for heavy metal toxicity, especially Pb. Leukopenia and macrocytic anemia were shown in 50% and 65% of examined cattle, respectively. The target hazard quotients values were more than one (>1) for all heavy metals from water intake for both children and adults and Al and Cd in milk for children, and the hazard index values were indicated higher for noncarcino­genichealth hazards. The target cancer risk values predispose people in the surveyed villages to higher cancerous risks due to exposures to the mixture of heavy metal through the consumption of water and milk.

Conclusion: The bioaccumulation and transmission of heavy metal mixtures from water sources and feeding material have detrimental influences on milk pollution and cattle health which seem to be a serious issue affecting public health in those rural communities.

Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 7(2): 345-359, June 2020

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Published

2020-06-12

How to Cite

Diab, H. M., Alkahtani, M. A., Ahmed, A. S., Khalil, A. M., Alshehri, M. A., Ahmed, M. A., Rehan, I. F., Elmansi, A. A., & Ahmed, A. E. (2020). Coexistence of diverse heavy metal pollution magnitudes: Health risk assessment of affected cattle and human population in some rural regions, Qena, Egypt. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 7(2), 345–359. Retrieved from https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/JAVAR/article/view/47535

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)

Section

Original Articles

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