The Dual Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Profiles and Outcomes among Admitted Patients in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently coexist, contributing to a significant global health burden. In Bangladesh, data on the specific influence of CKD on the clinical presentation and prognosis of hospitalized CVD patients remain limited, highlighting a critical knowledge gap for targeted patient management. A prospective cohort study was conducted in collaboration between Department of Cardiology and Department of Nephrology of Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between June and July of 2025, to evaluate the impact of concomitant CKD on the clinical profile and outcomes of patients admitted with cardiovascular disease. A purposive sample of 193 adult patients admitted with primary CVD, such as acute coronary syndrome and heart failure, was enrolled. Participants were stratified into two cohorts: those with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73m²) and those without. Clinical profiles, laboratory parameters, and in-hospital outcomes were systematically compared. Among 193 patients, 68(35.2%) had CKD. The CKD cohort was older and had higher rates of hypertension and diabetes (p<0.05). Heart failure was their predominant presentation (55.9% vs. 36.8%; p=0.01). In-hospital mortality (14.7% vs. 4.0%; p=0.006) and adverse events (29.4% vs. 11.2%; p=0.001) were significantly higher, and hospital stays were longer (8.5 days vs. 5.7 days; p<0.001). CKD is associated with a distinct, higher-risk clinical profile and significantly worse in-hospital outcomes in CVD patients. Integrated cardiorenal assessment and tailored management are imperative to improve the prognosis of this vulnerable patient population.  

CBMJ 2026 July: Vol. 15 No. 02 P:185-191