Bone Mineral Density Evaluation of Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis, marked by reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk, is common in postmenopausal women due to estrogen deficiency. Type 2 diabetes mellitus may further compromise bone health. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with T2DM to assess their risk of osteoporosis. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Medicine Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital during the study period. A total of 120 cases were included in this study according to the selection criteria. Data were processed and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the patients was 65.83±8.75 years and 62.17±7.67 years in diabetic and non-diabetic post-menopausal patients. Mean duration of DM was 10.53±5.09 years, and mean duration since menopause was 19.70±7.82 years. Osteoporosis was 38(63.3%) and osteopenia was 20(33.3%) in the diabetic group, and osteoporosis was 24(40.0%) and osteopenia was 31(51.7%) in the non-diabetic group. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly reduced bone mineral density and a higher prevalence of osteoporosis compared to their healthy counterparts, highlighting the need for early screening and proactive management to mitigate fracture risk.

J Rang Med Col. 2025 Sep;10(2): 8-12