Evaluation of free gingival changes after cementation of Nickel Chromium cast crown

Abstract

Background: Full coverage crowns are commonly used to restore severely damaged teeth and improve function and durability. Nickel–chromium cast crowns are widely utilized due to their strength, durability and cost-effectiveness. However, crown placement may influence the health of surrounding gingival tissues. This study aimed to evaluate free gingival changes following cementation of nickel–chromium cast crowns.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Beau-Dent, The Dental Specialist from June 2021 to July 2022. A total of 60 patients aged 25–30 years who required nickel–chromium cast crowns were included. Baseline gingival condition was recorded before crown cementation using the gingival index and clinical assessment of free gingiva.

Results: Among the participants, 53.3% were aged 25–27 years and 56.7% were male. Most crowns were placed on molar teeth (61.7%). The mean gingival index increased from 0.56 ± 0.23 before cementation to 0.91 ± 0.36 at 1 month and 1.17 ± 0.41 at 3 months. Initially, 78.3% of patients had normal gingiva, but this decreased to 38.3% after three months, while mild inflammation increased to 45.0% and moderate inflammation to 16.7%. Conclusion: Nickel–chromium cast crowns were associated with a gradual increase in gingival inflammatory changes following cementation. Proper crown design, accurate marginal adaptation and good oral hygiene are essential to maintain gingival health after crown placement. 

Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh (2024) Vol. 15 (1 & 2): 18-22