Knowledge and Practice of Salt Consumption in Dhaka’s Urban Population: A Cross-Sectional Public Health Study

Abstract

Salt, composed of sodium and chloride, is essential for maintaining nerve function and fluid balance. However, excessive salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension and other non-communicable diseases. This cross-sectional study assessed knowledge and practices regarding dietary salt consumption among residents of Sector 10, Uttara, Dhaka. Using a mixed-method approach, 400 adults aged 18–60 years were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected via structured face-to-face interviews incorporating both open- and closed-ended questions. Results showed that while 93% of respondents recognized salt’s physiological importance, many were unaware of the recommended daily intake. Approximately 30% reported adding an extra pinch of salt (~0.36 g) to meals, especially with milk and water rice. Although most participants knew of the link between excessive salt consumption and hypertension, only a few monitored salt levels in processed foods. The findings reveal a gap between awareness and actual practices related to salt intake. Public health initiatives emphasizing behavioral change and dietary education are urgently needed to reduce salt-related health risks among urban populations in Bangladesh.

IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 8(2): 59-81