Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antitumor, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Glochidion lanceolarium (Roxb.) Voigt

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antitumor, analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of methanol extract (MEGL) and petroleum ether fraction (PEFGL) and carbontetrachloride fraction (CTFGL) of stem bark of Glochidion lanceolarium (Euphorbiaceae). Antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro by DPPH (1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay method. The MEGL, PEFGL and CTFGL showed free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 18.32 ± 0.76, 20.29 ± 0.79 and 20.24 ± 2.02 µg/ml, respectively. The antitumor activity of the extract/fractions were determined against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice at 20 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. Significant (p<0.001) increase of survival time by 25 ± 0.32, 26 ± 0.10 and 23 ± 0.19 days by the MEGL, PEFGL and CTFGL treated tumor bearing mice was confirmed with respect to the control group (20 ± 0.12 days). Hematological studies revealed that the heamoglobin (Hb) content was decreased in EAC treated mice whereas restoration to close to normal levels was observed in extract/fractions treated animals. Both extract and fractions at the dose of 100 mg/kg b.w., produced significant increase in pain threshold in tail immersion method whereas significantly reduced the writhing caused by acetic acid induced method. The MEGL, PEFGL and CTFGL showed anti-inflammatory activities at the dose 100 mg/kg body weight. Among all the extract/fractions the CTFGL showed comparable best analgesic activity in all the tested methods and also reduced the paw edema (0.85±0.07 after 4h) when compared to carrageenan induced control mice. Therefore, the MEGL, PEFGL and CTFGL of G. lanceolarium was capable to exhibit moderate antioxidant, antitumor analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first report of antioxidant, antitumor, analgesic and anti-inflammatoryr potential of G. lanceolarium.

Journal of Science Foundation, January 2020;18(2):72-80