Immediate Outcome of Mechanically Ventilated Neonate: One Year Experience in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of US-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Rupgonj, Narayangonj

Abstract

Background: Mechanical ventilation remains a life-saving intervention in neonatal intensive care units, yet it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the outcomes of mechanically ventilated neonates and identified key demographic and clinical factors influencing survival to guide evidence-based neonatal care and policy planning. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December,2024 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of US-Bangla Medical College Hospital, including 42 mechanically ventilated neonates. Demographic data, clinical parameters, indications for ventilation, and outcomes were noted. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 through the method of descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, binary logistic regression, Pearson's correlation, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: Out of 42 neonates, 29 (69.0%) survived and 13 died (30.9%). Most were term neonates (78.6%) with birth weight ≥2500g (76.2%). Perinatal asphyxia (61.9%) was the most common indication, followed by septicemia (42.9%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (33.3%). Septicemia (23.8%) and perinatal asphyxia (16.6%) were the leading causes of mortality. Significant predictors for survival included gestational age ≥37 weeks [OR=4.58, p=0.028], birth weight ≥2500g [OR=6.29, p=0.015], MAS as indication [OR=8.27, p=0.021], and initial pH >7.25 [OR=3.52, p=0.048]. Septicemia significantly reduced survival [OR=0.25, p=0.022]. The duration of ventilation has a negative correlation with survival (r=-0.47, p=0.004), while hospital stay correlated positively with survival (r=0.52, p=0.002).Conclusion: The overall survival among neonates on mechanical ventilatory support was 69%. Gestation at term, appropriate birth weight, and non-infectious respiratory conditions were found to be good predictors of survival. Septicemia emerged as the main determinant of mortality, which underscores the need to adopt strict infection control and early intervention to improve outcomes of neonatal ventilation.

J Med Coll Women Hosp.2026; 22(2): 65-75