Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Adverse Drug Reaction Detection and Reporting Among Nurses at a Private Medical College in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is a key component of pharmacovigilance and patient safety. Nurses play a critical role in detecting and reporting ADRs; however, underreporting remains a persistent problem. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding ADR detection and reporting among registered nurses at a private medical college hospital in Bangladesh. Materials and Method: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2021 and February 2022 and included 50 registered nurses who were selected through convenience sampling. Information was collected using a structured questionnaire that gathered socio-demographic details and assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A scoring system was used to classify participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice levels. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, and associations were tested with the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Statistical- significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 50 nurses, more than half (56%) were between 20 and 30 years old, and 58% had at least five years of clinical experience. While 78% correctly defined ADRs and 62% were familiar with pharmacovigilance, only 36% knew about the ADR reporting form and just 30% were aware of the appropriate reporting authority. Overall, 44% of participants demonstrated good knowledge, 34% had moderate knowledge, and 22% showed poor knowledge. A positive attitude toward ADR reporting was seen in 82% of nurses. Although 68% had encountered an ADR in practice, only 4% had formally reported one, and just 24% had received any training related to ADR reporting. Conclusion: Despite positive attitudes and moderate knowledge, ADR reporting practice was extremely low. Targeted training and strengthened pharmacovigilance systems are needed to improve reporting behavior. 

J Med Coll Women Hosp.2026; 22(2): 91-99