The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards COVID-19 Pandemic: An Epidemiological Survey in a Rural Community in Bangladesh

Mohammad Ali, Shameema Suraiya Begum, Meherun Nesa Akhi, Bulbul Hossain Shuvo — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

COVID-19 is a major public health problem globally and also in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Keraniganj Upazilla, Dhaka, with the objective of assessing the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice related to COVID-19 among adults of a rural and sub-urban community. Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study has 618 participants. Regarding attitudes, 297 respondents (48.1%) believe that COVID-19 is a very dangerous disease, whereas 341 respondents (55.2%) believe that vaccines are of great aid. Masks are very helpful, according to 351 respondents (56.8%), isolation and social-distancing are also very helpful, according to 336 respondents (54.4%), and 553 respondents (89.5%) have a good attitude toward obtaining treatment. Only 25 (4%) of the respondents are found not to have received their COVID-19 vaccination in practice. This study shows that, it is advised that more focus be placed on awareness-raising programs to promote a positive attitude and appropriate COVID-19 practice.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 8-14

Personal Habit and Carcinoma of Larynx, Hypopharynx among Bangladeshi lower socio-economic group of people: An Observational Study

Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Personal habits like, tobacco consumption through smoking and oral intake is one of the most important risk factor of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers among the low socioeconomic group of people. Developing countries like ours face arduous challenge to provide adequate treatment facilities from its poor resource settings to these patients. Constant evaluation of theses cancer patients in regard to their exposure to the hazardous personal habits can portray the current situation, thus can find out the scopes of implementation of necessary control measures and awareness build up actions.

Objective: The present study observed tobacco consumption and other personal habits in patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancers.

Methods: This is an descriptive type of cross sectional study, where 100 patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancers have been assessed, from two of the tertiary care hospital in Dhaka division, during the period of 2018 to 2021. Face to face interview was performed and medical records have been checked to collect data.

Result: In the present study, 65 patients were suffering from carcinoma of larynx and 35 patients were suffering from carcinoma of hypopharynx. Carcinoma in the supra-glottic region was evident in 53.0% cases, glottic and subglottic carcinoma were 11.0% and 1.0% respectively. Carcinoma in the pyriform fossa was 29.0% and post-cricoid carcinoma was 6.0%. With the age range of 35 to 75 years, laryngeal carcinoma was highest observed in the age group of 46 to 55 years (26 out of 65 cases) and hypopharyngeal carcinoma was highest observed in the age group of 35 to 45 years (11 out of 35 cases). In 83.0% cases, the respondents were illiterate and in 80.0% cases they were residents of rural area. More than half of the respondents were farmers (57.0%). The monthly income range of the respondents was 2000-12000 BDT and 50.0% of the respondents belonged from the lower quartile of this income range. Among the patients, 99 of them were tobacco consumers where, 93 of them were smokers and 38 of them were oral tobacco leaf consumers; 33 patients recorded to be consumers of tobacco leaf along with smoking.

Conclusion: With this high prevalence of smoking among the laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients, it can be estimated that, the lower socio economic group of people are at high risk of cancer in the oral region which can increase the overall cancer related morbidity and mortality in our country. Thus, findings from this study urges for strict control and monitoring measures on availability of tobacco products, as well as, necessitates awareness build up actions regarding the harmful health effects of tobacco among the lower socioeconomic group of people.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 15-20

Prevalence Specific childhood Disease Pattern from February to July 2022 at the Dept. of Pediatric, Saheed Sayed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital, Kishoreganj

Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: To understand of the epidemiological trend in the inpatient department (IPD), it is important for health care planning, appropriate management allocation & improving existing services facilities. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the disease pattern of children in IPD of the Pediatric unit at Shaheed Sayed Nazrul Islam Medical College & Hospital, where children came from grass root level at Kishoreganj, Bangladesh.

Methods & Materials: This was a descriptive type of observational study. The patient came to the pediatric IPD from February 1 to July 31, 2022, six months were analyzed. Face to face interview was done through a semi structured questionnaire.

Results: A total of 724 children were enrolled during this study period. Infant 67%, total under five 83% and more than five years old was 17% of all children. Acute Respiratory tract infection was 59% and among them Pneumonia was 24%, Bronchiolitis 65%. Acute watery diarrhea was most common (8%) within GIT morbidities and eenteric fever (4%). Forty-three (6%) children suffered from Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases. Most children (n-29) suffered from Nephrotic syndrome and Acute Glomerulo Nnephritis was only 03 in count. It is important to mentioned that some patients had no disease whereas they admitted on the interest of their parents. Female (14%) were less than the male baby and 82% were Muslim.

Conclusion: Most were preventable diseases. Children suffered mostly respiratory problems and among them Bronchiolitis was the number one illness. Prevalence of AWD was more in GIT problems. The disease frequency of this study will help to understand the depth and pattern of the problem.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 21-24

Management of Bronchiolitis with mucolytic agent (3% NaCl) in children in a hospital in Dhaka City without antibiotic

Sudipta Roy, ARM Luthful Kabir, Kazi Selim Anwar, Rahat Bin Habib, Masuma Khan — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Bronchiolitis is mostly a viral disease of lower respiratory tract in infants and young children. Variation in the management has been documented. Treatment with 3 % hypertonic saline has a significantly shorter mean length of hospital stay and improved clinical severity score. Antibiotic has little role in the management of bronchiolitis though it is invariably prescribed. However, management of bronchiolitis is yet not optimized according to recommendation.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of bronchiolitis with 3% Nacl nebulization without antibiotic.

Methodology: This observational study was conducted in Ad-din Medical College Hospital at the department of pediatrics during October, 2018 to January, 2019. Among 92 cases of clinically diagnosed bronchiolitis 30 were excluded due to prior antibiotic therapy and rest 62 cases were enrolled based on inclusion criterions (age below 2 years, 1st or 2nd episode of wheeze, runny nose, cough, respiratory distress, wheeze/ ronchi, hyperinflation / increased translucency on CXR). Consent of the parents was taken. A structured questionnaire was filled up. Detailed history was taken and full physical examination was done. CBE with PBF, CRP& CXR were done immediately after admission. All children were managed with 6 hourly 3% Nacl nebulization in addition to supportive measures whenever indicated like IV 5% dextrose in 0.225% saline, O2 inhalation, paracitamol for fever and were followed 8 hourly. Patients were discharged after returning of social smile, absence of feeding diflculty, fast breathing and free of O2 therapy. However, thirty cases were taken out of the study for increased severity or persistence of symptoms. So finally data were analysed in 32 cases using SPSS 22.

Results: Mean age of presentation was 5 months, 75% in male children. Cough and respiratory distress were present in 100 % cases, wheezing (71%), runny nose and absence of social smile in 56% cases, fever (53%), feeding diflculty (50%), vomiting (28%) sleeping diflculty (25%), subcostal recession (100%) fast breathing (68%), mouth breathing (45%), nasal flaring (40%), intercostal recession (9%), low grade fever (37%), SPO2 < 90% ( 71%), vesicular breath sound with prolong expiration ( 75%), bilateral ronchi (100%), bilateral crepitation (15%). Total leulocyte count was normal (<15,000/cmm) in 75%, lymphocytosis was found in 81%, CRP was negative (<6) in 68%. On CXR-increased translucency (100%), hyperinflation (100%), sticky density (12%) upper lobe collapse consolidation (6%). Intra venous fluid was given in 43%, O2 therapy (81%), mean duration of O2 therapy was 3 days and mean duration of clinical improvement or hospital stay was 4 days.

Conclusion: Nebulized hypertonic saline solution (3% NaCl) was found effective without antibiotic therapy in acute bronchiolitis. Therefore, routine use of antibiotic is prohibited.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 25-30

Comparison between Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl 0.05%) and Povidone iodine (10%) In treating Poly microbial diabetic foot ulcer infection (DFUI) instead of using antibiotics

Bhowmik NK, Umama Binte Delwar, Sadah Hasan, Shifat Ara Shifa, Koninika Bhowmik — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Diabetes is a major health issue in Bangladesh, with 8% of the population claiming 3% of all deaths. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common complication of DM, with 9-26 million patients worldwide each year. High blood sugar levels and smoking can lead to DFU-I and foot-related complications, leading to amputation. MDR-resistant micro-organisms can form biofilm in infection-wound sites, making it diflcult to clean. Systemic antibiotic use can lead to increased mucosal permeability and hyper inflammation (collateral damage). This study aimed to provide cost-effective treatment for DFU-I to establish evidence of its usefulness and cure rates, with NaOCl 0.05% as the ideal and cost effective alternative.

Objective: To compare two locally applied antiseptic applications (NaOCl 0.05% Vs. Povidone Iodine 10%) as the treatment outcome of DFU-I in clearing polymicrobial infection by enhancing healing process.

Methodology: This cross-sectional observation study (clinico-epidemiological) was conducted among 41 adult diabetic foot ulcer infection patients (DFU-I). Patients of DFU-I studied at 4P Diabetes Care at daytime oflce hours (9AM to 9 PM except Fridays) during January 2021 to July 2022. Data were collected by using a hybrid designed questionnaire (close and open ended).

Results: Most of these patients (42%) belonged between 51-60 years age group who suffered from diabetes for <10 days, followed by 39% for 10-19 days, and 19% for >=20days, respectively. Of 41 patients, 46% had been diagnosed with ulcer on anterior, dorsal, foot; 32% patient on phalanges and 22% on ankle. More than half (54%) of all DFU-I patients took <24 hours to cover disinfection process. Finding also showed that, 41% patient took >21 days, 22% patient took 18-21days and 37% patient took <17days for healing their wound. Our study revealed a significant relation between treatment and age groups of patients (p=0.03), period of DM (p=0.05), having co-morbidities (p=0.02), disinfection hours (p=0.03) and healing time, respectively.

Conclusion: This study found that Sodium hypochlorite 0.05% was more effective, quicker and cheaper in treating polymicrobial diabetic infections than that of with 10% povidone iodine. However, this preliminary finding should not be taken as final until more advanced studies are conducted to accept or refute this study.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 31-41

Lipid Profile of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending in a Tertiary Care Medical College Hospital in Dhaka City

Jakia Haque, Shahana Jasmin, Taposhi Farzana — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reported as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, which remains 3 to 4-folded riskier for diabetic patients. Previous studies evidenced an association of T2DM with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which varies among males and females. The present study aims to analyze the lipid profile of T2DM patients and compare the lipid profile of T2DM males and females in Dhaka.

Objective: To compare the difference in serum lipid profile between male and female patients suffering from T2DM.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka. In this study we included 100 diagnosed T2DM patients (male, n= 54 and female, n= 46) aged 21 years and above selected from OPD Dept. of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) concentrations values were estimated by enzymatic method. And, values were analyzed for each group which were subjected for statistical analysis using paired students t-test on SPSS/ Win, V. 22,to identify differences in lipid profiles of diabetic males and females. Prior to start the study ethical permission was taken from Ethical Review Committee of DMCH.

Conclusions: Our findings yielded the extent of dyslipidemia among T2DM population remains a major risk factor for CVD, particularly among the T2DM males having higher LDL-C and TG than females. This data suggests that males remain at higher risk to develop CVD than females.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 42-45

5th Young Scientists Congress Secretariat, Bangladesh Academy of Sciences (BAS)National Science and Technology, at 25-27 November 2022, attended 2022, Complex, Agargaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Kazi Selim Anwar — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract not available

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 63-66

Abstract and Poster: October 7-11, 2022, The 9th Congress of the EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF PAEDIATRIC SOCIETIES, Barcelona & Online; A Joint Scientific and Educational Event of EAP, ESPNIC and ESPR

Kazi Selim Anwar — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and Aim: Since community-based research on childhood tuberculosis (CTB) is scarcely conducted in Bangladesh, we conducted this KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice) door-to-door survey on CTB in 18 rural-villages of Khulna (relatively ignored and lessfocused). 9th Congress of the European Academy of Pediatric Societies 2281 Poster Viewing Abstracts

Methods: Utilizing a hybrid-designed method we conducted this KAP-survey among 434 parents to assess their knowledge-score, attitudinal-trend and practice- level on the prevention/control of CTB, Quantitively, potentials of CTB control-dynamics were measured among domiciliaryhealth-care service (HCW) providers to strengthen DOTS qualitatively (KII-method: Priori-Code list/Matrix).

Results: Most respondents were young-females (90%) from lower/mid socio-economic status being more literate (34%) than men (26%). Poverty, distantly-located health-care-centers, poor-household-income remained causes of non-compliance in health-care-seeking- behavior. Mean knowledge-score was 2.94±0.8:~59% had low, 35% good and 10.5% adequate. Respondent’s attitude: Likert-scale on CTB-prevention/control was positive in 77%. To answer if CTB is curable:47% said sometime,30% always; 23% thinks CTB be prevented by ‘avoiding CTB-patient-contact, 23% avoiding open-coughing or
spitting-o$/dispose sputum safely, while 45% had no idea. Our observation yielded kitchen (dry-smoky fuel) in>80% households attached to child’s living/bed that may cause/aggravate CTB. Of all KII involving community-based HCWs, Pediatricians/Administrators, revealed CTB could be latent/underdiagnosed so actual CTB-prevalence may be more than actual-reporting. It became di!cult to detect C/TB due to parental misunderstand on proper diagnosis and care.

Conclusions: Our *ndings will further assist the policy makers towards a better/ robust strategic planning of CTB-prevention &/or control. Our data will add prudent values in further strengthening of preventive strategies treatment planning and control measures against CTB

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 67-68

Cystic Fibrosis- A Deadly, Dear and Agonizing Tale

Sudipta Roy, ARM Luthful Kabir, Kazi Selim Anwar, Rahat Bin Habib — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life constraining autosomal recessive disorder common in Caucasians.Customary presentations are chronic productive cough, recurrent and persistent pneumonia, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhoea.However, pancreatitis is a kenned complication of CF. Now a days, CF is increasingly detected in South and East Asia.Prevalent notion is that, CF does not subsist in our community.Lack of awareness regarding CF among physicians, poor index of suspicion and unavailability of diagnostic facilities cause consequential delay in diagnosis. Living with CF is expensive and also colossal sufferings. It is associated with enormous economic burden for family and has a great impact on life of patient and parents. Here, we report the tragic tale of a girl of 13 years , who was diagnosed as CF with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic calculi at the age of 10, though her symptoms commenced to manifest as early as 3 months and !nally she died at her 13 in our hospital after 54 days of battling for life.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 46-51

Participation of AWMCH’s Physicians in Research Activities: Glimpse from Medical College Research Unit (MRU), Ad-din Women's Medical College

Mahmuda Hassan, ARM Luthful Kabir, Sanjoy Saha, M A Mazhar, Kazi Selim Anwar — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract not available

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 1-7

My Experience as a Dental Surgeon (internee) on a Medical and Dental Campaign in Ashuganj, Bhairob and Brambhanbaria

Meher Afroz Moomu — Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract not available

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 61-62

Ascariasis in South Asia: Major Manifestations of Surgical Importance

Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Since a quarter of world’s population reportedly affected by Ascariasis round worm being endemic in south east Asian subcontinent like gangetic plain of Bangladesh, West Bengal, Kashmere valley etc. Biliary ascaiasis is one of the manifestation of round worm infestation.
Objective: We conducted this retrospective study based on literature review available over the mid 2000 using the search key biliary Ascariasis, Biliary colic, Acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, pancreatitis, hepatolithiasis, liver abscess. The search engine used was: Pubmed, Google Schoalr, HINARI, Embase and Scopus. We searched literature published from both endemic and non endemic area and aimed to study different types of clinical presentation, diagnostic tool, complications and their frequency and various treatment option for the management of biliary ascariasis.
Result: Biliary colic is the commonest symptom. Acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, pancreatitis, hepatolithiasis, liver abscess are other mode of presentation. Ultrasonography was reported to be an excellent non –invasive investigation for proper diagnosis and follows up in such conditions. Majority of cases are treated conservatively. ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography) based extraction of Ascaris lubricoids is possible in most of the situation where expert endoscopy services are available.
Conclusion: Open common bile duct exploration and removal of worm is necessary in absence of endoscopy .Improvement of personal hygiene, improvement of sanitation and regular anti-helminthic administration can reduce these dreadful consequences of infestation by worms.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 52-55

An Updated Review on Post Dissection Complications in Neck

Sun, 26 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Incidence of oral & laryngeal cancer in Bangladesh is increasing day by day. Neck dissection is the most commonly performed operation in any tertiary level hospital that has Head and Neck surgery and Oncology setup. Metastatic dissemination to lymph nodes of neck occurs frequently in head neck cancers which down grade the patient's curability, shorten 5 years survival and responsible for recurrent disease. To assess complications following different types of neck dissection this cross sectional study was conducted among patients who underwent di"erent types of neck dissection due to cervical nodal metastasis and attended follow up. Common Immediate complications were hemorrhage 02 (3.33%), facial oedema 02(3.33%) and thoracic duct injury 02(3.33%). Intermediate complications were seroma (6.67%), wound infection 04 (6.67%) and chylous fistula02 (3.33%). Late Complications were hypertrophic scar 02 (3.33%) and shoulder syndrome 04(6.67%). There were no perioperative deaths.
Incidence of complication can be reduced by skilled surgery, proper indications, proper identi!cation of anatomical planes along with early recognition and treatment.

The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (2), July 2022; p 56-60