Published by Institute of Applied Health Sciences (IAHS). Full-text articles available. Articles in IAHS Medical Journal (IAHSMJ) are licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license permits Share —copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Exploring the Disease Pattern and Sociodemographic Profile among Patients Attending Patiya Upazila Health Complex of Chattogram
Background: To ensure satisfactory health care strategies of a country, morbidity and mortality data are very important. To understand the disease pattern and socio demographic profile of patients in rural Bangladesh. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross section study. Data were collected among patients coming to Patiya Health Complex from January 2024 to May 2024. Total 200 patients were interviewed through purposive sampling. Results: The study shows that 35(17.5%) belonged to age group 6 to 15 years, 50(25%) belonged to age group 16-30 years and 7(3.5%) were aged above 60 years. 136(68%) patients were female, 60(30%) were housewives, 110(55%) were married, 80(40%) had primary education and 120(60%) belonged to middle class. From the study it is also revealed that 110(55%) had a monthly income of Tk. 20,000 to 50,000 and 140(70%) belonged to joint family. Among the patients 120(60%) complained of fever, 112(56%) headache, 57(28.5%) loose motion, 78(39%) cough and 37(18.5%) skin rash. Study showed viral fever 150(75%), respiratory tract infections 49(24.5%), bronchial asthma 47(23.5%), 3(1.5%) dog bite, 8(4%) physical assault and 78(39%) skin diseases. Majority of the patients, 174(87%) said they were satisfied by the service rendered by the health complex. Conclusion: From the study, it is seen that the majority of diseases can be prevented. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 5-8
Copyright (c) 2025 Sara Farahnaj, A M M Ehteshamul Hoque, Sayeed Mahmud, Taifa Hazera Raffi, Saeeda Risa, Ajoy Deb, Mukesh Kumar Datta, Pranay Kumar Mazumder https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Comparison of Craniofacial Dimensions between Thalassemic Patients and Non-thalassemic Healthy Individuals: A Morphometric Study
Background: Expansion of the bone marrow and secondary skeletal and craniofacial deformity are mainly seen in poorly treated thalassemic patients. Craniofacial anthropometry is a useful method that assists clinicians to identify deformities. The purpose of this study was to assess the craniofacial characteristics in transfusion dependent thalassemic patient in Bangladesh. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted during the period from October 2021 to September 2022 in the Department of Anatomy, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, upon 100 respondents (50 transfusion dependent thalassemia patients and 50 non-thalassemic healthy individuals) of 5-30 years. Digital slide caliper and tape were used to measure 10 anthropometric parameters (6 horizontal, 3 vertical, and 1 head circumference) in cranial, facial, nasal and orbital zones. For statistical analysis Mann-Whitney U test was done and pvalue was considered significant if it was <0.05 at 95% level of confidence. Results: This study showed a significant difference (p = 0.012) between mean values of intercanthal width in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients and non-thalassemic healthy individuals. The difference between the head circumference, facial and nasal zone parameters of transfusion dependent thalassemia patients and non-thalassemic healthy individuals was not found to be statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The baseline data from the study will help us better understand the craniofacial structure of thalassemic patients who rely on transfusions and will also allow us to get satisfactory results in diagnosing and treating their craniofacial illness. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 9-13
Copyright (c) 2025 Sabrina Tasnim, Md. Ashrafuzzaman, Urmila Chowdhury, Baishakhi Bhowmick, Jehan Hashem, Abdul Quader Mohammad Mohiuddin Masum, Shehrin Islam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Fidelity of Fetal Foot Length in Association with Femur Length to Determine Ultrasonographic Fetal Gestational Age in Uncomplicated Pregnant Women of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Background: Ultrasonography is the most admissible method for gestational age estimation worldwide. The current study was aimed to determine the accuracy of fetal foot length and its correlation with femur length for fetal gestational age prediction in among Bangladeshi uncomplicated pregnant women of Chattogram district. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional observational study, conducted in Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, included 200 uncomplicated pregnant women of 15th to 28th weeks of gestation. Fetal biometric parameters such as fetal foot length and femur length were measured by 2D ultrasonography. For statistical analysis Pearson’s correlation test and correlation-regression analysis was done and p-value was considered significant if it was <0.05 at 95% level of confidence. Results: Pearson’s correlation test showed that gestational age had strong positive and highly significant (p=0.000) correlation with both fetal foot length and femur length. The relation between gestational age and fetal foot length (r=0.984) was stronger than the relation between gestational age and femur length (r=0.979). Conclusion: This study revealed definiteness of fetal foot length measurement for ultrasonographic fetal gestational age appraisal. Fetal foot length might be considered as a new parameter apace with classical biometric parameters for meticulous pregnancy dating. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 14-18
Copyright (c) 2024 Shehrin Islam, Md. Ashrafuzzaman, Tamanna Zahur, Jehan Hashem, Sabrina Tasnim, Mohammad Imdad Hussain, Nafisa Ayman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Characterization of ESBL-Producing Klebsiella spp. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical Samples
Background: The increasing prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens is a significant concern in clinical microbiology, as these organisms resist a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics, complicating treatment strategies. This study aimed to characterize ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples, including urine, wound swabs, sputum, and vaginal swabs. Materials and methods: A total of 74 clinical samples were analyzed, comprising 51 urine, 11 wound swab, 4 sputum and 8 vaginal swab samples collected from patients presenting with symptoms indicative of infections between June 2024 and September 2024. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. ESBL production was detected using the phenotypic confirmatory test. Results: Among the isolated pathogens, E. coli was the most prevalent, accounting for 49.0% of all samples, followed by Klebsiella spp. (36.4%) Staphylococcus aureus (9.1%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.5%) and Proteus mirabilis (1.0%). The prevalence of ESBL production was high amongKlebsiella spp. (75%) and E. coli (72%) particularly in urine and wound isolates. Resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics were notably high, with E. coli showing 88% resistance to ampicillin, 76% to ciprofloxacin, and 75% to ceftriaxone. However, carbapenems remained effectivewith a low resistance rate of approximately 4%. Conclusions: The study highlighted the alarming prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. with significant resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. These findings underscore the need for stringent antibiotic stewardship, infection control measures and the use of alternative antibiotics like carbapenems for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Continued surveillance and molecular analysis are essential to track the spread of resistant pathogens and guide clinical treatment. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 19-24
Copyright (c) 2024 Tahmina Monowar, Farhana Nazneen Jui, Kazy Noor e Alam Siddiquee, Md Zahirul Islam, Abdullah Al Gaddafi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Presentation, Evaluation and Treatment of Urinary Bladder Tumour
Background: Bladder carcinoma is the most common urological malignancy in Bangladesh. Nevertheless, the common presentations of the patient and their ongoing management system are yet to be evaluated. This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological characteristics of histologically confirmed bladder carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional study. A total of 50 patients of bladder carcinoma were included in this study from the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital during May, 2017 to October, 2017. All patients were evaluated with regards to clinical presentation, cystoscopic findings and histopathological data. Results: The mean age was 63.78±9.79 years (Age range: 27-88 years) and 78% were male. Hematuria was manifested by 31(62%), 28% and 32%, respectively, showed urinary frequency and urgency and 22% patients were asymptomatic. Maximum 52% presented at T2 (T2 . 5 year survival , 50-80% patients are cured by OT) which was followed by 30% T1a(T1a . superficial muscle layer involvement). 82% had transitional cell carcinoma and rest 18% had non transitional cell carcinoma. Among the later varieties of bladder cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma was the highest - 10%. Conclusion: Bladder cancer has a varied spectrum of presentation and patients admitted in the hospitals generally have a higher stage and grade of disease. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 25-29
Copyright (c) 2024 A B M Abdullah, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Shoibul Karim, Shahed Mohammed Anwar, Hussain Ahammed Khan, Md. Tanvir Rahman, Roksana Afrose https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety Between Monopolar and Bipolar Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP)
Background: Monopolar Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) is the conventional technique for enlarge prostate. In recent years, bipolar TURP has been increasingly being used by the urologist instead of conventional monopolar TURP. This study was aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety profile between monopolar TURP and bipolar Transurethral Resection In Saline (TURIS) system for the treatment of symptomatic Benign Enlargement of Prostate (BEP). Materials and methods: This Quasi Experimental Study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Chattogram Medical College Hospital over 110 consecutive patients from 2nd March 2021 to 1st March 2022. Patients were randomly divided in two groups: Monopolar group and bipolar group. Resection time, Bladder irrigation time, six hours postoperative change in Hemoglobin and Serum Sodium and change in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) Quality of life (QoL) and Maximum flow rate (Qmax) after six weeks of surgery were compared in between two groups. Results: Out of 110 enrolled patients, 100 were available in the final follow-up (50 in each group) and included in the final analysis. Both the groups were similar at baseline in terms of their demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters. Duration of prostate resection in bipolar group was longer (68.28±10.62 versus 55.80±6.36 minutes, p<0.001) than the monopolar group. The mean drop in postoperative hemoglobin and serum sodium concentration were significantly lower in monopolar group than the bipolar group. No TUR syndrome occurred in the study patients. Blood transfusions were required in 2% and 16% of the cases respectively in the bipolar and monopolar group (p=0.031). Post operative Hospital stay was significantly shorter in bipolar group (2.08±0.74 versus 3.08±0.39 days) than the monopolar group. Both groups had significantly improved IPSS values, QoL values and maximum urinary flow rate values after six weeks reflected significantly higher improvement in the bipolar group compared to monopolar group. Conclusions: Bipolar TURP seems to be a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with BEP, with better efficacy and shorter hospital stay with conventional monopolar TURP, with less perioperative bleeding, serum sodium reduction and requirement of postoperative blood transfusion. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 30-35
Copyright (c) 2024 Md Nazamul Hoque, Md Tanvir Rahman, Badiul Alam, Md Hasan Ullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Bacterial Profile and Occurrence of Urinary Tract Infections, Associated Risk Factors among the Pregnant Women in A Tertiary Hospital of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Bacground: Due to the physiological changes during pregnancy, pregnant women are likely to develop recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and pyelonephritis, which may result preeclampsia and adverse obstetric outcomes, including prematurity and low birth weight. Pregnant women should be screened for the presence of bacteriuria early in pregnancy. This study employed a cross-sectional analysis of the presence, bacterial profile and risk factors associated with UTI among pregnant women attending antenatal check-ups. Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Clinical Pathology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences (IAHS) Chattogram during the period from January to December 2021. Sociodemographic data, obstetrical history and personal hygiene information were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Afterward, clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected from 104 pregnant women. Isolation and identification of bacteria was done by conventional culture method. Results: Among the study samples, 31(29.8%) showed positive culture result and considered as confirmed UTI. E.coli (45.10%) was predominant isolated bacteria followed by klebsiella spp. (25.80%). The result of multivariate analysis revealed that pregnant women with UTI had a history of lower abdominal pain which was 4.9 times more observable then other symptoms. The odds of having UTI among pregnant women who had previously indwelling catheter were 19.1 times higher than the odds in pregnant women who had not previously indwelling catheter [p=0.023]. Conclusion: The current findings demonstrate that a high occurrence of UTIs exists among pregnant women, with significant bacteriuria in asymptomatic cases. Escherichia coli was the most predominant bacteria isolated. Routine screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in early pregnancy is effective in preventing the occurrence of symptomatic UTIs and complications in pregnancy. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 36-41
Copyright (c) 2024 Shanaz Fatema, Mohammad Alamgir Hossain, Abdullah Al Hassan, Md Rabiul Awal, Farzana Afrin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Post-Stroke Complications and Consequences among the Patients in Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Background: Medical complications are important problems after acute stroke and present potential barriers to optimal recovery. Sometimes patients die not from stroke but from complications. Several studies have underwent regarding this topic. However, considering fewer studies in this country incites the mind to perform a prospective study of assessing the complications and outcomes among post-stroke patients admitted to Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the DMCH's Department of Medicine and Neurology during 2018-2019 period. The study had a six-month duration and formal ethical approval was obtained from the DMC Ethical Review Committee (ERC) prior to study initiation. For the purpose of this study, patients who had been admitted to DMCH due to an acute stroke were approached and monitored for a period of seven days. All clinical data, vital signs and sociodemographic details were gathered at the time of admission. Additionally, co morbidities and risk factors were entered into a case record form. 200 post-stroke patients were selected as case. Every participant provided written, informed consent and the entire study was conducted under strict adherence to ethical guidelines. After data collection, SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Results: Among 200 acute stroke patients, the Majority (66%) of the respondents were male and 34% were female. The mean age was 59.62±12.02 years, with a minimum recorded age of 35 years and a maximum recorded age of 83 years. About 54% lived in urban areas and 46% were in rural areas. About 90% had ischemic stroke and 10% had hemorrhagic stroke. Among the medical complication, chest infection was the most prevalent 91(46%) and among neurological complication, seizures were the most prevalent 31(15.5%). Development of complication is related to the type of the stroke (Hemorrhagic 85% vs Ischemic 51.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Complications are common in stroke patients, both medical and neurological complications are predominantly related to hemorrhagic stroke. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 42-46
Copyright (c) 2024 Md. Minhaz Uddin, Sadia Shahid Ridita, Zahedul Hoque, Syed Md Jabed, Noor Uddin Zahed, Nahid Hassan, Mansur Habib https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Treatment Modalities for Bell's Palsy and Their Effectiveness
Background: Bell's Palsy is an acute peripheral facial neuropathy characterized by sudden, unilateral facial paralysis. Various treatment modalities, including corticosteroids, antivirals, combination therapies, physiotherapy, and acupuncture, have been explored to enhance recovery and improve outcomes. This study aims to comparatively analyze the effectiveness of different treatment modalities for Bell's Palsy, focusing on facial nerve recovery, quality of life, pain levels, adverse effects and treatment adherence. Materials and methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial involving 300 participants diagnosed with Bell's Palsy was conducted across multiple centers during the period from January to June 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups: corticosteroids, antivirals, combination therapy (Corticosteroids and antivirals) physiotherapy, acupuncture or control (Placebo or no treatment). Primary and secondary outcomes were assessed using the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system, Facial Disability Index (FDI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain at baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months post-treatment. Adverse effects and treatment adherence were also recorded. Results: Combination therapy showed the most significant improvement in facial nerve recovery, with mean House- Brackmann grades improving from 3.1 at baseline to 1.1 at 6 months. The Combination group also reported the highest mean FDI score (78.5) and the lowest VAS pain score (1.9). The Corticosteroids group showed substantial improvements but to a lesser extent than the Combination group. Adverse effects were most common in the Corticosteroids and Combination groups, with insomnia and gastrointestinal issues being the most frequently reported. Treatment adherence was high across all groups, with the highest adherence in the Control group (95%). Conclusion: Combination therapy with corticosteroids and antivirals is the most effective treatment modality for Bell's Palsy, significantly improving facial nerve recovery, quality of life and pain outcomes. Despite some adverse effects, the overall benefits support the use of combination therapy as the standard approach in managing Bell's Palsy. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols and exploring long-term outcomes to further substantiate these findings. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 47-51
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad Ilias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
General Anesthesia in Day-Case Surgery by Laryngeal Mask Airway
Background: In the recent few years some unwanted catastrophic complications developed in day-case surgery due to uneven airway management. Most of them fail to maintain proper airways. Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) provides a reliable airway during general anesthesia without serious complications and in some cases may not need muscle relaxants for insertion and may thus be considered a suitable alternative for tracheal tubes. The difficult airway is a nightmare situation for anesthesiologists and the scenario has changed with the introduction of LMA. To assess the outcome of General Anesthesia in day-case surgery by LMA (Laryngeal Mask Airway) this study was done. Materials and methods: 150 patients were randomly selected for day case surgery in Institute of Applied Health and Sciences (IAHS) Hospital and Chevron Eye Hospital and Research Center, Chattogram during the period April 2018 to May 2024. The number of attempts and time taken for successful placement to achieve effective ventilation were recorded. Hemodynamic parameters, quality of recovery score and ventilation (Regarding the audible leak, chest movement, tidal volume loss, requirement of manipulation) and complications were recorded. Results: 150 patients were selected for the study. It was observed that LMA could be successfully placed in the first attempt in 83.33% and 2nd attempt in 15.3% cases. Failed insertion was recorded in 1.3% cases due to the inappropriate size of LMA and the deformity of the patient's face. The overall time of insertion of LMA was within 20 to 25 seconds in 93% of cases and 25 to 30 seconds in 2nd attempt to compare of quality of ventilation in terms of audible air leak over the mouth after achieving a cuff pressure of 60 cm of H2O with the recommended volume of air. It was found that the audible leak was found in some cases which was corrected by a little more pressure from the recommended pressure. Qualities of ventilation in terms of chest movement were found good in most of the cases, 96% were statistically insignificant. Tidal volume loss was found in only a few patients which was found due to lower inspiration pressure. The sore throat was found in 5 cases , Gastric insufflation was noted in 4 cases, regurgitation in 1 case. Hoarseness was not found in this study. Conclusion: After considering satisfactory first-attempt insertion success rate, easy diagnosis of misplacement, less hemodynamic changes, better quality of ventilation and less postoperative morbidity, it can be concluded that LMA is a better option for airway management in day-case surgery. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 52-57
Copyright (c) 2024 Md Kamrul Hassan, Mohammad Abdul Aziz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Postoperative Recovery Patterns of Stented vs. Non-Stented Pyeloplasty in Pediatric Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
Background: Pediatric Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) obstruction is a common cause of hydronephrosis and can significantly affect renal function if left untreated. Pyeloplasty, both with and without stenting, is the gold-standard surgical treatment. This study aims to compare the postoperative recovery patterns between stented and nonstented pyeloplasty in pediatric UPJ obstruction. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, from July 2021 to December 2021. A total of 31 children who underwent pyeloplasty were selected as study subjects by purposive sampling technique. A p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as significant. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0 was used for this purpose. Results: The study revealed that anatomical parameters improved significantly in the stented group: APD decreased from 50.01 mm before surgery to 22.86 mm after 3 months (p=0.01) and cortical thickness increased from 3.02 mm to 4.28 mm (p=0.04). Serum Response Factor (SRF) showed minimal change in the stented group (p=0.584 before vs. 1.5 months, p=0.03 before vs. 3 months). In the non-stented group, APD improved from 47.06 mm to 22.80 mm (p=0.02), but cortical thickness showed no significant change (p=0.06). No significant difference in serum creatinine levels was observed between the groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that stented pyeloplasty results in a faster recovery in terms of anatomical parameters such as APD and cortical thickness. However, functional recovery, as assessed by SRF and serum creatinine levels, showed minimal difference between the stented and non-stented groups. This supports the idea that while stenting may facilitate more rapid anatomical improvement, the ultimate functional recovery of the kidney may not be significantly affected by the presence or absence of a stent. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 58-63
Copyright (c) 2024 Md. Hasan Ullah, Arifur Rahman, K. M. Zafrul Hossain, Md. Jahangir Alam, Md. Mijanur Rahman, Muhammad Faridul Islam, Md Tameem Shafayat, Md. Tanvir Rahman, Md. Nazamul Hoque https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Satisfaction of the Patients and Attendances Getting Treatment from Upazila Health Complex of Patiya
Background: The best way to evaluate health care systems has been suggested to focus on patients' satisfaction with the medical care they receive. One effective method for creating more patient-centred approaches to healthcare delivery is to ask patients about their experiences with the quality of their primary care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients' satisfaction and its relation with some demographic factors of respondents in the Upazila Health Complex Patiya, Chattogram. Materials and methods: It was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study and data were collected from Patiya Upazila Health Complex, Chattogram from January 2024 to April 2024 by face-to-face interview. Results: In this sample of 250 participants, 139(55.6%) were patients and others were in attendances. Most of the participants were in the 30-49 years age group. 26(10.4%) participants were graduate and 33(13.2%) were illiterate. Maximum participants [105(42%)] were from the upper lower class. The majority of patients were satisfied with the facilities available as well as with the service of doctors (92%) and nurses (77.2%). 144 (57.6%) respondents were partly satisfied with the behaviour of MLSS/4th class office staff and 26 (10.4%) respondents were not at all satisfied. A significant association was found between educational qualification and the cleanliness of the hospital ( c2= 15.53, p 0.017). Conclusion: The provision of health care at this institution can be further enhanced by measuring the quality of care provided continuously and implementing tiny adjustments to enhance individual processes. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 64-68
Copyright (c) 2024 Purnasree Ghosh, Sayeed Mahmud, Soumen Barua, Arna Chowdhury, Shantanu Dutta, Sharmin Sultana Urmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analysis of Abraham and Pankovich Technique as A Treatment option of spontaneous Tendo-Achilles Rupture
Background: The Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in human body and is composed of the Gastrocnemius and the Soleus muscle to create a musculotendinous complex (Triceps Surae) that crosses the ankle and subtalar joint. It is then inserting primarily on the central middle portion of the posterior calcaneus as well as providing fibers that extend around the heel to blend in with the planter fascia. Achilles tendon is the most injured tendon of athletes in the lower extremities and has been noted to be the most common tendon to rupture spontaneously. The prevalence of Achilles tendinopathy is considerable in a variety of different sports, especially in runners and various ball sports. A ruptured Achilles tendon poses a difficult problem for treatment due to proximal retraction of the tendon. Surgical repair is the current treatment choice because of poor prognosis after conservative management. Many techniques are available for the surgical repair such as end-to-end suture, end-to-end suture with augmentation. Surgeons repair these injuries by different surgical technique in different centers of the country. Abraham and Pankovich techniques for spontenious rupture are applied in Institute of Applied Health Sciences (IAHS) Hospital Chattogram. This study was performed to evaluate the result of Abraham and Pankovich techniques for degenerative rupture of TA. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study. Twenty two patients with a degenerative tendo achilles tear were repaired using Abraham and Pankovich technique between May 2021 and January 2023 in IAHS Hospital. 4patients were lost to follow up. Ankle radiographs were obtained to rule out calcaneal fractures; patients with such fractures were excluded from the study. All patients underwent operative treatment after getting written informed consent. Functional outcome were assessed after 6 months of surgery. Results: Total 18 patients of degenerative rupture of TA were included for the study, 72% of them were male. Middle 3rd rupture were most common. All underwent surgery after proper evaluation and followed upto 6 months. Functional outcome with Activity Daily Living (ADL) were evaluated after that, 13 patient (72%) having excellent out come with painless walking without any support. One of the patient had SSI and one with skin slough out, both were treated in IAHS center accordingly. Conclusion: Results of reconstruction of Achilles tendon ruptures using Abraham and Pankovich techniques show a strong and stable repair that allows early weight bearing and ambulation with favorable clinical results in majority of patients. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 69-72
Copyright (c) 2024 Md Fahad Goni, Shouman Acharjee, Partha Sarad Das Gupta, Md Ilias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Prevalence of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among Medical and Veterinary Students
Background: Nasal carriage among hospital personnel is one of the important sources of staphylococci for causing nosocomial infection. The aim of the study was to determine the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus among medical and veterinary students. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 81 were medical students and 76 veterinary students. Presumptive S. aureus was identified from nasal swab following conventional bacteriological methods and was confirmed by detecting the presence of species-specific nuc gene by PCR. All staphylococci isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Isolates displaying resistance to oxacillin and cefoxitin were further tested for the presence of mecA gene by PCR. Results: About 80% of the total S. aureus isolates from medical students showed Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) whereas about 50% of the total S. aureus from veterinary students were MDR. Among the 39 isolates obtained from medical students, 20 (51.3 %) were methicillin resistant and the rate of methicillin resistance among veterinary students was 22.2%. Only one factor presence of “Rhinorrhea” was found significantly associated with carriage of Staphylococcus sp. among medical and veterinary students. Conclusion: Nasal carriage of is common and there is high level of resistance against Ampicillin, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Erythromycin. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 73-77
Copyright (c) 2024 Salina Akter, Himel Barua, Eftekhar Ahmed Rana, Tamanna Ferdous Reza, Sharmin Chowdhury https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Work-Pattern and Postural Stress among Jhum Cultivators
Background: Agricultural workers, including jhum cultivators, frequently experienced musculoskeletal disorders and injuries as a result of the physical demands of farming. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore work patterns and assess levels of postural stress among 180 jhum cultivators in the Sreebardi Upazila of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh, from January to December 2023. Data on work patterns, postural stress, musculoskeletal issues and socio-demographic variables were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The study included respondents aged 18 to 60 years. Among jhum cultivators, 63% reported their activities as difficult, while 14% described them as very difficult. Most participants had around 30 years of work experience and 12.8% reported having less than 10 years of experience. The majority worked between 55 to 65 hours per week, with a smaller group working fewer than 45 hours. Approximately 67% of participants mentioned that they were not involved in any other occupations. Additionally, about 73.3% of the participants adopted extremely harmful postures during their work activities, while 26.7% adopted slightly harmful postures. Conclusion: To enhance the productivity and well-being of jhum cultivators, a comprehensive strategy that integrates education, infrastructure improvements, personal hygienc, community and national-level interventions is essential IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 78-82
Copyright (c) 2024 Mehnaz Tabassum Mahbub, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Md Shafiur Rahman, Shahria Sattar, Afsana Nazneen, Irin Hossain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Exploring the Safety and Efficacy of Physical Extraction in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Hospital-Based Study
Background: Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease which affects the pilosebaceous units of the skin. It can have severe psychological effects and can leave the patient with severe skin scarring. In this study physical therapies of acne treatment like come done, extraction, cryoslush therapy, cryotherapy, electrocauterization, intralesional corticosteroids and optical treatments the safety and efficacy of comedone extraction with incision and drainage in nodulo cystic acne are mentioned. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was conducted at Lab Aid Diagnostic Ltd, Jashore, from January to June 2024. A total of 200 respondents were included in the study. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical record reviews. Results: The overall proportion of Acne Vulgaris among rural male 52.5% and female were 47.5%. The proportion is varied by the age group, 31% in aged 11-15 years, 35% in aged 16-20 years, 12.5% in aged 21-25 years, 7.5% in aged 26-30 years, 6.5% in aged 31-35 years and rest 7.5% aged >35 years. About the educational status, 1.5% completed primary level, 31% completed secondary level, 35% higher secondary level and rest 32.5% completed graduation. According to occupational status, 32.5% were employed and 67.5% were unemployed. Among 200 respondents, 25% were from low socio-economic status, 35% from middle income family and 40% from high income status. According to nutritional status 20%, were underweight (BMI < 18.5), 45% had Normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9) and 35% overweight (BMI ≥ 25). Association between duration of complete cure and grades of acne vulgaris after only physical extraction like Comedon extraction and incision and drainage in nodulo-cystic acne shows significant association (P < 0.0006). The association between Gender and grades of acne vulgaris shows significant association (P< 0.0028). Association between socioeconomic status and grades of acne vulgaris shows significant association (P< 0.05). Conclusion: This study highlights the safety and efficacy of comedone extraction with incision and drainage in nodulo cystic acne without any scarring and short period of time was taken for complete cure. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 83-86
Copyright (c) 2024 Wiser Sharmin, Md Monirul Islam, Abdul Latif Khan, A T M Rezaul Karim, Quazi Salim Yazdi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella enterica Serovar typhi and Para typhi Isolates from Suspected Enteric Fever Patients in Chattogram
Background: Enteric fever, a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and Para typhi is one of the most common infections in developing countries. Regardless of high endemicity of enteric fever in Bangladesh, there is paucity of studies on prevalence and drug-resistance of the pathogen. This study was done to evaluate the status in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and Salmonella enterica Para typhi obtained from blood culture in suspected patients of Chattogram. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was done at the Ibne Sina diagnostic center for a period of two-year from February 2021 to January 2023. A total of 1230 clinically suspected septicemic patients were enrolled.The samples were collected and processed following standard microbiological techniques and an antibiotic susceptibility test was done on pure culture isolates using disc-diffusion method for the commonly used antibiotics. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 27 and the results were summarized by using tables and graphs. Results: Among 1230 suspected cases, blood culture positive were 139 (11.3%). Among them male was more prevalent 65.22% to develop enteric fever and female 34.78% .Out of 139 isolated organisms Salmonella enterica serovar typhi was the most common 46.04%, followed by CoNS 16.55%, E. coli 12.95%, Klebsiella spp. 10.07%, Pseudomonas spp. 6.47%, Staphylococcus aureus 4.32% and Salmonella enterica Para typhi 3.60%. Young Adult and Children are more prone to develop enteric fever by Salmonella enterica typhi 43.48% and 42.03%. Among the 64 Salmonella enterica typhi isolates, least resistance was shown to Amikacin 04 (6.25%) Ceftazidime 06 (9.37%) and Amoxiclav 12 (18.75%).High resistance to Azithromycin 56 (87.5%). Salmonella enterica para typhi isolates were excellently sensitive to most of the antibiotics and showed 100% sensitivity to Amikacin, Gentamycin, imipenem and Tazobactam-Piperacillin, followed by 80% sensitive to Amoxiclav, Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin. Conclusions: Current study demonstrated a scenario of enteric fever occurrence and trend of antibiotic use in this disease in Bangladesh. Antibiotics should be used judiciously and according to culture and sensitivity report; over the-counter sales of antibiotics must be stopped to prevent risk of developing newer strains of resistant organisms called superbug. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 87-92
Copyright (c) 2024 Md. Shakeel Ahmed, Imranul Mawa, Ayesha Ahmed Khan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Determination of Rate of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Emergence to Establish IPC Department
Background: Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) are posing an imminent threat to patient safety as well as the general well-being of healthcare personnel on a worldwide scale. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that at any given time, around 1.4 million people suffer from infectious complications because of HAI. One of the most common healthcare associated infections is Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI). This current study was aimed to identify base line CAUTI rate and risk factors responsible for it. Materials and methods: A longitudinal study was conducted from July 2022 to June 2023 in the Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Medical College. The current study brought attention to highlight the rate of CAUTI in the Chittagong Medical College Hospital. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 27 and the results were summarized by using tables and graphs. The protocol was approved by the Committee of the research cell and ethical clearance was taken from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of Chittagong Medical College. Results: 330 catheterized urine sample were collected for research purpose from clinically suspected CAUTI. 52.42% were confirmed CAUTI. Current study showed most of the CAUTI patients were female (69.09%) and from Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward (45.66%) with a CAUTI rate 8.12 per thousand catheter days. Whereas overall CAUTI rate was 7.39 per thousand catheter days. Current study shows type 2 diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidities associated with CAUTI cases (39.88%). Conclusions: The study's findings provide valuable insights into the rate and risk factors associated with CAUTIs IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 93-99
Copyright (c) 2024 Ayesha Ahmed Khan, Abul Kalam, Md. Akram Hossain, Mahfuza Nasrin, Farhan Fuad Bin Hossen, Pompy Dey, Afreen Sultana, Milupa Nasrin, Shamima Akther, Imranul Mawa, Md. Shakeel Ahmed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Pattern of Psychiatric Diseases Treated in Psychiatry Department of Combined Military Hospital, Chattogram
Background: Psychiatric disorders constitute a higher burden on low and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Data of psychiatric diseases are poorly recorded and not easily available in countries like Bangladesh. Moreover, different psychiatric diseases are related to various occupations and patients get treatment from service related hospital like Combind Military Hospital (CMH). The objective of the present study is to evaluate the pattern of different psychiatric diseases treated in a tertiary level hospital. Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional type of descriptive study. It was carried out on 379 patients who were treated in Psychiatry Department of CMH, Chattogram. Data of psychiatric patients treated from 1st November 2020 to 31st October 2021 were explored. The diagnoses of different diseases were collected and data were analyzed. Ethical permission was taken prior data collection. Results: Among 379 patients studied, females were 168(44.3%) and males were 211(55.7%), female to male ratio was 0.79:1. Age group distributions showed in both sex psychiatric disorder was highest among 31-40 years age group i.e. 129(34%) , in female maximum patients were 21-30 years age group 66(39.3%) and in male maximum patients were 31-40 years age group 70(33.2%). Monthwise distributions of the patients treated revealed January 6(1.6%), February 6(1.6%), March 3(0.8%), April 33(8.7%), May 34(9.0%), June 72(19%), July 71(18.7%), August 80(21.1%), September 41(10.8%), October 7(1.8%), November 18(4.7.0%) and December 8(2.10%). Most of the patients were treated in June (19%), July (18.7%) & August (21.1%). Common psychiatric findings were Generalized Anxiety Disorder 130(34.30%), Manic Depressive Disorder 59(15.56%), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 44(12.44%), Bi Mood Disorder 42(11.08%) and Schizophrenia 35 (9.78%), Autism Spectrum Disorder 12(3.58%). GAD 75(44.6%) and OCD 22(13.1%) were commonly observed pattern of psychiatric finding in female. In male common findings were GAD 55(27.5%) and MDD 40(19.8%). Associated findings found in the psychiatric disordered patients were Diabetes Mellitus 75(19.78%), Hypertension 68(17.94%), Headache 65(17.15%), Hypothyroidism 35(9.23%) and Hyperlipidemia 30 (7.91%). Conclusion: There are various types of Psychiatric Disorders treated in psychiatry department in different age group associated with various comorbid diseases needs special care and attention from the physicians for better outcome. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 100-104
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammod Gias Uddin Chowdhury, S M Suhrawardy, A S M Kowser, Shahana Begum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evaluation of Knowledge and Practice Regarding Lifestyle Modification among Hypertensive Patients Attending at A Private Chamber of Chattogram
Background: Hypertension is a result of several factors, including unhealthy diet, fast food and avoiding fruits and vegetables. The motive of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and dietary practices regarding prevention and management of HTN. Materials and method: In this cross sectional study, 100 patients were included in the study by purposive sampling. The information were collected from the hypertensive patients coming to private chamber. Results: Out of 100 patients, 67% were males, 57% belonged to age group 40-50 years. 98% of the patients were married, 38% were service holder, 7% were graduates. Among the patients , 42% were aware about HTN, 36% knew normal blood pressure level and 42% had idea about risk factor of HTN. 36% of them believed that HTN is due to family history, 42% due to over weight and 32% due to smoking. To prevent HTN, 85% patients avoided beef consumption, 75% avoided smoking, 95% avoided fatty diet, 42% avoided extra salt intake and 74% adopted regular exercise. Conclusion: This study reflects that the patients had knowledge about HTN and majority had adopted life style modification and self care practice. Educational interventions and awareness development should be focused to improve life style modification among patients. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 105-108
Copyright (c) 2024 Saeeda Risa, ABK Bashir Uddin Sayeem https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Mental Depression and Anxiety Disorder in the Workplaces and among the People of Bangladesh
Abstract Not Available IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(2), December 2024; 1-4
Copyright (c) 2025 Sayeed Mahmud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0