Chittagong University Journal of Biological Sciences

Phosphorus status of some representative cultivated soils of Hathazari Upazilla, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

2014-01-15T07:59:33+00:00

Abstract not available

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17245

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):199-203, 2011

Effect of Rifit, Ronstar and Machete on the growth, yield and yield attributes of BR28 paddy grown in Boro season

2014-01-15T07:50:29+00:00

In the present investigation BR28 paddy was grown in the Boro season. Three herbicides: Rifit 500 EC, Ronstar 25 EC and Machete 5G were applied in different doses and studied their effects on the control of weeds and ultimate growth, yield and yield components of Boro paddy. Eleven different treatments viz.: T₁ (control, no herbicide was used), T₂ (only hand weeding was done), T₃ (Rifit normal dose), T₄ (double of Rifit normal dose), T₅ (half of Rifit normal dose), T₆ (Ronstar normal dose), T₇ (double of Ronster normal dose), T₈ (half of Ronster normal dose), T₉ (normal dose of Machete), T₁₀ (double of Machete normal dose) and T₁₁ (half of Machete normal dose) were used in the experiment. The number of tillers, length per tiller, length per panicle, area of flag leaves, number of filled grains, percentage of filled grains, straw and grain yield per hectare were found maximum at T₃ where normal dose of Rifit 500 EC was applied.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17077

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):01-10, 2011

Effects of some indigenous plant seed extracts on the Haematology of a predatory fish Singhi Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

2014-01-15T07:51:08+00:00

Haemolytic effects of different extracts of five indigenous plant seeds viz. Datura innoxia (Mill) (Shada Dhutra), Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) (Vat), Amoora rohituka (Roxb.) Wt. ct. Arnott (Pitraj), Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex. Benth. (Akashmoni) and Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Karinja) were studied upon a predatory fish, Singhi, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) under laboratory conditions. Toxicants inducing effects on the blood parameters included decreased RBC and WBC counts, low haemoglobin percentage and decreased PCV (packed cell volume), MCV (mean corpuscular volume) and MCH (mean corpuscular haemoglobin). Haemolysis action included shrunken or swollen RBCs, granulated nuclei of RBCs and pyknotic nuclei of WBCs, clumping of RBCs and syncitium of RBC matrix. Damage of blood cells with absolute ethyl alcohol extract was most pronounced with all of the seed extracts. The order of toxicity of the five seed extracts on the blood parameters of Singhi was: D. innoxia < A. auriculaerformis < P. pinnata < C. viscosum < A. rohituka seed extracts. On the basis of haemolysis the toxicity was: A. rohituka > C. viscosum > P. pinnata > D. innoxia > A. auriculiformis seed extracts.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17078

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):11-25, 2011

Toxic response of three predatory fishes to four indigenous plant seed extracts

2014-01-15T07:51:37+00:00

Toxicity of seed extracts of four indigenous plants, Luffa acutangula (Roxb.), Areca catechue (Linn.), Brassica nigra (Linn. Koch.) and Brassica hirta (Monech) was tested on three predatory fishes- Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch), Anabas testudineus (Bloch) and Channa punctatus (Bloch) under normal laboratory conditions. Due to the toxic effect of different seed extracts and concentrations, mortality rate varied. It also varied from species to species. On the basis of LC50 values of absolute ethyl alcohol extracts, L. acutangula seed extracts were more toxic for H. fossilis and A. testudineus. A. catechue seed extracts were of medium toxicity for all the experimental fishes. B. nigra seed extracts were less toxic whereas B. hirta seed extracts showed differential toxicity being more toxic for C. punctatus, medium for A. testudineus and less toxic for H. fossilis. The susceptibility pattern also varied in the three fish species. In case of L. acutangula, A. catechue and B. nigra seed extracts, the susceptibility was in the same order: H. fossilis > A. testudineus > C. punctatus but the effect of B. hirta seed extracts was reverse. To determine the ichthyotoxicity of the four seed extracts on the three predatory fishes, the present study was undertaken.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17079

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):27-39, 2011

Glucose status in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in different meningitic children in a hospital in Chittagong, Bangladesh

2014-01-15T07:52:14+00:00

Meningitis is referred to as an inflammatory process of the leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the sub-arachnoid space of the brain. We have investigated glucose status in CSF in different types of meningitis together with detailed medical history in children. In addition, we have also carried out the detailed cytological and microbiological examinations. A total of 40 subjects were investigated. We observed that the glucose level was significantly decreased (<20 mg/dl) in 65%, moderately decreased (20-40 mg/dl) in 20% and mildly decreased (40-50mg/dl) in 15% of the patients in our study. Patients with Pyogenic meningitis had tremendously reduced glucose level (9.0 mg/dl) in their CSF whereas in viral meningitis the CSF glucose level is highly variable (10 to 65 mg/dl). Furthermore, 5 (12.5%) patients showed high lymphocyte counts and 34 (85%) patients showed high neutrophil counts. Interestingly, in Pyogenic meningitis, the neutrophil count was very high compared to that in viral meningitis. The present study clearly demonstrates that biochemical parameters such as glucose level in CSF might be a potential tool for detecting meningitis and as well as differentiation of the different types of meningitis.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17080

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):41-49, 2011

Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among some commercial cucumber varieties and genotypes using RAPD markers

2014-01-15T07:52:45+00:00

Genetic variability among the genotypes of any species could be utilized for its improvement. PCR-based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to determine the genetic diversity and relationship among 10 cucumber varieties and genotypes. Five decamer primers were used to amplify genomic DNA and the primers yielded a total of 54 bands of which 36 bands were polymorphic and 18 bands were monomorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Neis (1972) genetic distance indicated segregation of 10 cucumber varieties and genotypes into two main clusters. Variety Joti alone grouped in cluster 1 while variety Green Master, Shahi-50, Shikha, Shila, Shital, Naogaon-5, Shohag-50, Giant Long and genotype CS-043 grouped in cluster 2. Variety Shila was very close to variety Shital with the least genetic distance (0.1712). The highest genetic distance (0.5352) was found between Joti and Naogaon-5.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17081

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):51-63, 2011

Quality of urban environment: a case of citizens perception in Satkhira Municipality, Bangladesh.

2014-01-15T07:53:11+00:00

In this study, an attempt has been made to identify the major problems of urban environment in Satkhira Municipality. The perceptual data were collected through field survey based on structural questionnaire. It designed 100 selected respondents and framed 32 environmental variables including 3 points satisfaction index. It was observed from the study that drainage congestion is the major urban environmental problem of Satkhira Municipality and it creates a variety of physical environmental problems such as water logging, increasd soil and water salinity level, water and soil pollution etc. of the area. Because of the absence of certain urban facilities such as employment opportunity, recreational level, shortage of electricity supply (illegal connection, improper meter reading, system loss and load shedding etc.) inadequate local security, city dwellers are found to be dissatisfied. These lead to the generation of various social disorders including hijacking, vandalism and phonongraph, etc. However, there are ample scopes to develop a sustainable (eco-friendly) city keeping these considerations in mind.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17082

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):65-76, 2011

Investigation of ethnomedicinal plants of Subarnachar in Noakhali, Bangladesh

2014-01-15T07:53:51+00:00

Subarnachar is one of the traditional and promising upazilla in Noakhali district of Bangladesh. A survey of ethnomedicinal plants of the area was conducted from December 2009 to August 2011. The present study records 84 species under 75 genera in 47 families which is known to be used for the treatment of 34 diseases/illness. Field observations and discussion with local informants revealed that the ethnomedicinal plant species and traditional knowledge of the area is at great risk because of many threats including habitat destruction, agricultural advancement, and excessive collection of plants, industrialization and urbanization. It is very essential to document these plant use information before their disappearing.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17085

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):77-86, 2011

A comparative study of values between College and Madrasha students of Chittagong city

2014-01-15T07:54:25+00:00

The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference between values of College and Madrasha Students of Chittagong city. In order to attain this purpose two groups of respondents, one consisted of 50 college students (Male = 25, Female = 25) studying in Higher Secondary level and another consisted of 50 Madrasha students (Male = 25, Female = 25) studying in Alim level were selected. An adapted Bengali version of Allport-Vernon-Lindzey study of values was used to measure theoretical, economic, aesthetic, social, political and religious values of these students. The obtained data were subjected to t test. The analysis of results indicated that the value t for theoretical (4.288), aesthetic (2.610) and religious (2.85) values were significant at .05 level but the values of t for economic (1.40), social (0.217) and political (0.49) were not significant. The findings indicated that Madrasha students posses more theoretical & religious values than college students. While, college students are more aesthetic than Madrasha students. Significant difference does not exist between Madrasha students & College students in political, economic & social values.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17086

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):87-95, 2011

Attitude towards birth control of married and unmarried people of Chittagong

2014-01-15T07:54:58+00:00

The study was designed to investigate the attitude towards birth control of the married & unmarried people using the Bengali version of the Wang and Thurstone, 1930 scale. The objective of the study was to see whether married and unmarried people differ in their attitude towards birth control. The sample consisted of 120 adults divided into 2 groups on the basis of marital status. Sixty married people (30 married males and 30 married females) and 60 unmarried people (30 unmarried males and 30 unmarried females) were the respondents of this study. The two groups of samples were selected at random. The result showed that the difference of attitude towards birth control of the married & unmarried people is not significant. Both groups possess favorable attitude towards birth control.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17087

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):97-106, 2011

Attitude toward eve teasing

2014-01-15T07:56:27+00:00

The present study was conducted to measure the attitude toward eve teasing. For this purpose a scale was developed in Likert format. The scale consisted of 10 statements in Bangla. Based on preliminary scrutinizing and expert judgment for face validity, 29 statements were administered to 100 males and 100 females for items analysis. Of the total 29 statements 10 were found to have significant item total correlation (?= .01 to 0.05) and were retained in the final scale. For measuring reliability of this split half 0.52 and chronbachs alpha 0.56 were computed. This scale was then administered to 200 people (100 males and 100 females) living in different areas of Dhaka city. The obtained data were analyzed by using ANOVA. The data revealed that the interaction effect of gender levels and education was found significant.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17237

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):107-118, 2011

Mental health status of primary school children of Chittagong town

2014-01-15T07:55:42+00:00

A total of 197 respondents (129 parents of boys and 68 parents of girls) constituted the sample of the study. To measure mental health status, Bengali version of (Mullick, 2001) Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used for the collection of data which was originally developed by Michael Rutter and Robert Goodman. Purposive sampling procedure was used for this purpose. The results showed that about 20.3% students had pro-social problem and 19.3% students were in borderline level in pro-social behavior. Only 0.5% students had Peer problems and 15.7% students were found at borderline level of this problem. About 6.6% students had hyperactivity problem and about 5.6% students were found at borderline level of this problem. About 1.5% students had Emotional symptom problem and 0.5% students were found at borderline level. About 19.3% students had conduct problem and 23.9% students were in borderline level of this problem. About 27.4% students were facing total difficulties problems and 38.1% students were in borderline level. In terms of above all mental health status, boys were found to have more problems than girls. But no significant differences were found between boys and girls at any dimension score or even total difficulties score.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17238

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):119-133, 2011

Taxonomy of Bassinae (=Agathidinae Nees 1814) Nees 1812 in Bangladesh

2014-01-15T07:56:58+00:00

Two genera of Bassinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) have been described and illustrated from Bangladesh and a key was prepared. The genera are: Agathis Latreille and Bassus Fabricius newly recorded from Bangladesh.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17239

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):135-146, 2011

Study of Microgastrinae Nees 1814 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Bangladesh

2014-01-15T07:57:24+00:00

Three genera of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) have been described and illustrated from Bangladesh and a key for the genera was prepared. The genera are Apanteles Foerster, Microplitis Foerster, and Protomicroplitis Ashmead. The genus Protomicroplitis is the new record to the fauna of Bangladesh.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17240

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):147-158, 2011

Isolation, identification and characterization of four cellulolytic actinomycetes and their cellulases

2014-01-15T07:58:02+00:00

Four highly cellulolytic actinomycetous isolates namely SG₁, SG₂, SG₃ and SS1 were isolated from soil samples and provisionally identified as Streptomyces almquistii, S. caeruleus , S. hirsutus and S. endus, respectively. All the isolates showed heavy growth and liquefaction at 50?C and pH 6.5 in Winsteads medium having 1.2% of CMC. The isolates were allowed to grow in Winsteads medium having Asparagine as a nitrogen source with different carbon sources for the maximum production of cellulases. The extracellular protein of the culture supernatant ranged from 1.14 ?g /ml (SG₁) to 879.39 ?g /ml (SG₃). The reducing sugar level of the culture supernatant ranged from 0.76 ?g /ml (SG₂) to 558.33 ?g /ml (SG₁). The highest CMC-ase activity (1431.81U/ml) was found with the crude enzyme of the strain SG₃. The highest FP-ase activity (1087.11 U/ml) and Avicelase activity (1287.87U/ml) were found with the crude enzyme of SS₁. To detrermine the optimum nitrogen sources, the isolates were allowed to grow in Winsteads medium having saw dust for SG₁ and SG₃, dry leaf for SS₁ and SG₂ as a carbon source with different nitrogen sources for the maximum production of cellulases. The extracellular protein of the culture supernatant ranged from 35.50 ?g /ml (SG₁) to 328.62 ?g /ml (SS₁) and the reducing sugar level of the culture supernatant ranged from 3.79 ?g /ml (SG₁) to 114.39 ?g /ml (SG₃). However the highest CMC-ase activity (1353.78 U/ml), and FP-ase activity (215.90 U/ml) were found with the crude enzyme of the strain SG₂ and Avicelase activity (356.06U/ml) was found with the crude enzyme of the isolate SS1

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17241

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):159-173, 2011

Prevalence of Multidrug resistant Staphylococcus Aureus isolates in Clinical specimens collected from local patients of Chittagong, Bangladesh

2014-01-15T07:58:25+00:00

To observe the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus a total of 1078 blood, pus and miscellaneous samples (sputum, swab and body fluids) were collected among which 478 samples exhibited bacterial growth on agar medium. Out of growth positive 300 pus samples, 116(38.67%) showed the growth of Gram positive cocci, of which 30(25.86%) were Staphylococcus aureus positive. In case of blood, the number of growth positive samples were 116(28.45%), of which 33(12.12%) showed the presence of Gram positive cocci including 4 Staphylococcus aureus. Among the 62 growth positive miscellaneous samples, the number of Gram positive cocci and Staphylococcus aureus positive samples were 22(35.48%) and 4(18.18%), respectively. From the antibiogram of 38 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 26 were found multidrug resistant, showing resistance against two or more of the antibiotics used namely ampicillin, cefradine, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, whereas all the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. The MIC and MBC of these antibiotics against different Staphylococcus aureus isolates were determined, which were found to range from 2?g/ml to 8?g/ml and 4?g/ml to 16?g/ml, respectively, in case of vancomycin. The rate of resistance against ampicillin, cefradine, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin were 92.1%, 60%, 58.1% and 59.35%, respectively.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17242

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):175-185, 2011

Soil fertility status of some mango orchards in Chittagong Hill Tracts

2014-01-15T07:58:58+00:00

Major physico-chemical properties of mango orchard soils (Mangifera indica L.) in different sites of three hill districts, Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarban were evaluated. Soils were sandy loam in texture at all the sites except foot hill soil of Shapchari. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied from 4.76 to 5.58, 1.43 to 2.49 %, 0.10 to 0.16 %, 0.86 mg kg^-1 to 2.69 mg kg^-1 soil, respectively in surface soil of different sites of mango orchard. 1N NH₄OAc extractable K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ranged from 0.35 to 0.82, 2.50 to 3.66 and 0.60 to 1.57 cmol kg^-1 of soils. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied significantly among the slope positions within the sites. Similar results were found in case of 1N NH₄OAc extractable K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. The soils are generally poor in organic matter and nutrients.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17244

The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):187-197, 2011