Clinical Status and Laboratory Parameters of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It results from sudden blockage of coronary arteries and is influenced by various clinical and biochemical risk factors. Understanding these risk profiles is crucial for early diagnosis and prevention, particularly in resource-limited settings. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics-including blood pressure, risk factors, and serum lipid profilesof patients with AMI and healthy controls. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Chattogram Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, from July 2018 to June 2019. A total of 170 participants (100 AMI patients and 70 healthy controls) were recruited. Clinical parameters (Blood pressure, waist circumference, history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and family history) and biochemical markers (Total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and Lp(a) were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS v 20.0, p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The majority of AMI patients were middle-aged (40–60 years). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in cases than in controls (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Prevalence of hypertension (77%) diabetes (30%) smoking (58%) family history of MI (28%) and increased waist circumference (40%) were significantly greater in AMI patients. Biochemical analysis showed elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C and reduced HDL-C in AMI cases (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion: AMI is strongly associated with modifiable risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, central obesity and dyslipidemia. Early identification and control of these factors are essential to reduce AMI incidence and improve cardiovascular outcomes.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.25 (1); January 2026; Page 84-88