TYPIFICATION OF FOURTEEN NAMES OF TWELVE RECOGNIZED TAXA IN LEUCAS R. BR. (LAMIACEAE) AND ONE NEW COMBINATION

Eight binomials of six recognized species of Indian Leucas R. Br. are lectotypified, namely, Leucas beddomei (Hook. f.) Sunojk. & P. Mathew, L. diffusa Benth., L. helianthemifolia Desf., L. nepetifolia Benth., L. pilosa Benth., L. pilosa Benth. var. pubescens Benth., L. ternifolia Desf. and L. vestita Benth. Two recognized taxa are neotypified, namely, L. angularis Benth. and L. lanata Benth. var. candida Haines. L. lanata Benth. var. candida Haines is raised to species rank as L. candida (Haines) R.Kr. Singh. L. pilosa Benth. is added to the flora of India. Additionally the following four recognized endemic species of Leucas of Myanmar are also lectotypified, Leucas collettii Prain, L. helferi Hook. f., L. ovata Benth. and L. teres Benth. Introduction During the present study on the systematics of Leucas in India, a total of 22 taxa have already been lectotypified (Singh, 2015). In the present communication, eight names of six recognized species of Indian Leucas are lectotypified and two names of two recognized taxa are neotypified here to avoid any ambiguity in the application of these names, because no specific herbarium sheet was cited as holotype in protologue of these taxa and also not lectotypified in earlier works (Singh, 2001; Sunojkumar and Mathew, 2002, 2008; Sunojkumar, 2008; Singh, 2015). The variety candida Haines of L. lanata Benth. is raised to species rank and L. pilosa Benth., which was earlier considered as endemic to Myanmar, is now added to the Flora of India. Further, during the present study on Leucas in India, author studied type specimens of Leucas (held at CAL and K), which are specimens of species that are endemic to Myanmar. These are lectotypified here. While designating lectotypes and neotypes, the guidelines of Art. 9.2, 9.23, 9.3(c) and 9.6 and recommendations 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D of the Melbourne Code (McNeill et al., 2012) were followed. Typification of Indian Leucas 1. Leucas angularis Benth., Pl. Asiat. Rar. (Wallich) 1: 62 (1830). Type citation: “ex Ceylona. (Herb. Lindley.)” Neotype (here designated): India, Tamil Nadu, Glen Fall, Kodaikanal Hills, 15 Oct 1919, Jacob 16135 (MH41559!); isoneotype: MH41558!. (Fig. 1) Distribution: India (Kerala and Tamil Nadu) and Sri Lanka. Notes: The above neotype is required as the original collection or gathering on the basis of which Leucas angularis was described is not known to exist. Within the protologue, Bentham (1830) cited only ‘ex Ceylona. (Herb. Lindley.)’ but did not provide any further information. Bentham’s types are held at K and Lindley’s at BM, CGE and K. However, attempts to locate type Email: rksbsiadsingh@yahoo.co.in


Introduction
During the present study on the systematics of Leucas in India, a total of 22 taxa have already been lectotypified (Singh, 2015).In the present communication, eight names of six recognized species of Indian Leucas are lectotypified and two names of two recognized taxa are neotypified here to avoid any ambiguity in the application of these names, because no specific herbarium sheet was cited as holotype in protologue of these taxa and also not lectotypified in earlier works (Singh, 2001;Sunojkumar andMathew, 2002, 2008;Sunojkumar, 2008;Singh, 2015).The variety candida Haines of L. lanata Benth. is raised to species rank and L. pilosa Benth., which was earlier considered as endemic to Myanmar, is now added to the Flora of India.Further, during the present study on Leucas in India, author studied type specimens of Leucas (held at CAL and K), which are specimens of species that are endemic to Myanmar.These are lectotypified here.While designating lectotypes and neotypes, the guidelines of Art. 9.2,9.23,9.3(c)and 9.6 and recommendations 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D of the Melbourne Code (McNeill et al., 2012) were followed.
Type citation: "ex Ceylona.(Herb.Lindley.)"Neotype (here designated): India, Tamil Nadu, Glen Fall, Kodaikanal Hills, 15 Oct 1919, Jacob 16135 (MH41559!);isoneotype: MH41558!. (Fig. 1) Distribution: India (Kerala and Tamil Nadu) and Sri Lanka.Notes: The above neotype is required as the original collection or gathering on the basis of which Leucas angularis was described is not known to exist.Within the protologue, Bentham (1830) cited only 'ex Ceylona.(Herb.Lindley.)' but did not provide any further information.Bentham's types are held at K and Lindley's at BM, CGE and K.However, attempts to locate type specimens in these herbaria were unsuccessful.Since no original material of the species appears to be extant, the specimen from MH41559 is chosen here as the neotype.The specimen selected is well preserved, has mature leaves and well developed flowers.
Type citation: "Chambra Peek, Wynaad, alt.5000 ft., Beddome" Lectotype (here designated): India, Kerala, Wynaad [Wayanad], Chambra Peak, 5000 ft., March 1880, Beddome s.n.(K000929538!);isolectotype: BM000950511!. (Fig. 2) Distribution: India, endemic and rare (Kerala, restricted to Wayanad district).Notes: J.D. Hooker (1885) described Leucas hirta var.beddomei on the basis of specimens collected by Beddome from Chambra Peak, Wynaad, but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he mention the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Two herbarium sheets, collected by Beddome from Chambra Peek, Wynaad, with J.D. Hooker's annotation 'L.hirta var.beddomei Hf' were traced (BM000950511 and K000929538).Of these two, the better preserved K000929538, is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue and also in having dissected flower parts pasted on the sheet.Singh (2001) cited the type information as "Holotype : India, Chambrapeek, Wynaad, 5000 ft., Beddome s.n.(BM)" and Sunojkumar and Mathew (2002) as "Type: India, Kerala, Wayanad, Chembra peak, 5000 ft., Beddome s.n.-type of Leucas hirta var.beddomei Hook.f. (holotype -K, Cibachrome photo!)".Although, they cited BM and K as housing the holotype, but their citation of holotype cannot be corrected to lectotype as per Article 9.23 of ICN 2012, which state that 'On or after 1 January 2001, lectotypification or neotypification of a name of a species or infraspecific taxon is not effected unless indicated by use of the term "lectotypus" or "neotypus", its abbreviation, or its equivalent in a modern language'.They also did not mention the phrase, "designated here" or its equivalent according to Article 7.10.Leucas lanata Benth.var.candida Haines, Bot. Bihar Orissa 4: 747 (1922).Type citation: "Var.candida occurs on the hills of the Central Provinces", "It possibly occurs on the higher Sirguja mountains." Neotype (here designated): India, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiris district, Marappalam-Burliar road, 1225 m, 29 Apr 1971, Rathakrishnan 38130 (MH73387!);isoneotype: MH73388!. (Fig. 3) Distribution: India, endemic (Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Tamil Nadu).Notes: The above neotype is required as the original collection or gathering on the basis of which Leucas lanata var.candida was described is not known to exist.Within the protologue, Haines (1922) cited only the locality but did not provide the date of collection, number of collection/gathering and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Haines's types are known to exist at K and some at CAL, I tried to trace the type specimens in these two herbaria but no specimen was found extant.Since no original material of the species appears to be extant, the specimen from MH (MH73387) is chosen here as the neotype.The specimen selected is well preserved, has mature leaves and well developed flowers.SINGH Key to distinguish Leucas candida from L. lanata 1. Leaves broadly ovate-rounded, 1.5-7 × 1.3-5.5 cm, veins not impressed above, pubescent above, tomentose beneath, dark above on maturity; petioles 0.8-2 cm long; calyx pubescent, teeth 0.6-0.9mm long; corolla tube included within calyx, lower lip 1.2-1.3cm long; nutlets smooth, rounded at apex L. candida − Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, 1-4 × 0.5-1.6 cm, veins distinctly impressed above, tomentose above, silky beneath, grey on maturity; petioles absent in upper leaves, or short (0.3-0.9 cm long) in lower ones; calyx tomentose, teeth 1. Distribution: India, endemic (Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu).Notes: Bentham (1834) described Leucas diffusa based on the specimens from Peninsular India and Herb.Madr., but no type was indicated nor did he cite the name of the collector(s), date of collection, collection number and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.In the protologue, he mentioned that his earlier L. dimidiata in Plantae Asiaticae Rariores (Wallich) is L. diffusa now.As per the specifications given in protologues of L. diffusa and L. dimidiata sensu Benth.(1830) in Plantae Asiaticae Rariores, it is clear that Peninsular India specimen belongs to Herbarium Rottlerianum and specimens of Herb.Madr.belongs to Wallich cat.n. 2528 E. Two specimens of Herb.Madr.(K000929558 and CAL362830) and one of Penins.Indiae Orientalis was traced (K000929557).Since Bentham worked at K, only the two specimens at K have been considered for lectotypification.The collection K000929557 is better preserved and more complete than the other, it agrees well with the protologue and also has dissected flower parts and short descriptive notes pasted on the sheet.Therefore, this collection is here designated as the lectotype.
Notes: Desfontaines (1824) described Leucas helianthemifolia based on a gathering by Leschenault from Nilgiri hills, India but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he mention the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Within the protologue, Desfontaines gave the precise locality and collector name but did not provide the number and date of collection.Two herbarium sheets, collected by Leschenault from Nilgiri Mountains, India are held at P (P00215013 and P00738007).The better preserved sheet, P00738007, is chosen here as the lectotype because the illustration in the protologue is based on this and it agrees well with the protologue.
Leucas ternifolia was described by Desfontaines (1824) on the basis of specimens collected by Leschenault from Nilgiri Mountains, India but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he mention the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.In the protologue, Desfontaines gave the precise locality and collector name but did not provide the number and date of collection.Two herbarium sheets at P (P00215014 and P00738006), collected by Leschenault from Nilgiri Mountains, India were traced.Of these, the best one, P00738006, is chosen here as the lectotype because the illustration in the protologue is based on this and it agrees well with the protologue.6. Leucas nepetifolia Benth., Pl.Asiat.Rar.(Wallich) 1: 62 (1830).
Notes: In the protologue of Leucas nepetifolia, Bentham (1830) indicated only 'Hab. . . . .(Herb.Madr.)' as type citation but did not provide the name of collector, date of collection, locality, number of collection/gathering and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Pertaining to the specification given in protologue, two specimens of L. nepetifolia of Herb.Madr.(CAL362295 and K001116355), belonging to Wallich cat.n. 2526 were traced and better preserved sheet, K001116355, is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.Distribution: India (Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Uttarakhand) and Myanmar.

Leucas pilosa
Notes: Bentham (1830) described Leucas pilosa based on the specimens from Irawaddi, but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he cite the name of the collector, date of collection, collection number and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Pertaining to the specification given in protologue, three specimens from Irawaddi of Wallich cat.n. 2058 [1] were known (CAL362482, K000929509 and K001115020).Only the two sheets at K have been considered here to choose the lectotype for this name because Bentham worked at K. The herbarium specimen, K000929509 belongs to herbarium Benthamianum and is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.
In the protologue of Leucas pilosa var.pubescens, Bentham (1830) indicated only 'β Rajemahl.' as type citation but did not provide the name of collector, date of collection, number of collection/gathering and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Pertaining to the specification given in protologue, three specimens from Rajemahl [Rajmahal] of Wallich cat. n. 2058 [β] were traced (CAL362483, K001115021 and K001115022), which should be considered as original material.Only the two K specimens are considered as suitable lectotypes specimens for this name.The best one and better preserved sheet, K001115022, is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.
J.D. Hooker (1885) did not include Leucas pilosa Benth.var.pubescens Benth. in the Flora of British India, furthermore, he did not mention the place of occurrence of this variety.He mentioned the occurrence of L. pilosa, only in Burma [Myanmar].Singh (2001) in Monograph of Indian Leucas did not clearly conclude the identity of var.pubescens and simply wrote that this variety was considered conspecific to L. pilosa by earlier workers and it may probably be a form of L. decemdentata (Willd.)Sm., but he mention the species L. pilosa Benth. is endemic to Myanmar.Bentham (1830) described var.pubescens on the basis of specimens from Rajmahal, Jharkhand state, India.In Labiatarum Genera et Species and in Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis (DC.), he cited Royle's collection from Deyra Dhoun [Dehra Dun] and Wallich's collection from Rajemahl [Rajmahal] for var.pubescens.After study of type specimens of var.pubescens from Rajmahal (K and CAL) and Royle's collection from Dehra Dun (DD), it is now concluded that this variety pubescens is conspecific with L. pilosa Benth.Hence, Leucas pilosa Benth. is now added to Indian flora.Notes: Prain (1891) described Leucas collettii based on the specimens collected from Popah hill, Myanmar, but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he mention the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Only two herbarium specimens of Collett 29 are now extant, CAL0000020543 and K000929569.Of these two, CAL0000020543, is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue and also includes short descriptive notes and drawing of flower on the sheet by Prain.Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 681 (1885).

Leucas helferi
Type citation: "TENASSERIM; Helfer."Lectotype (here designated): Myanmar, Tenasserim, without date, Helfer 4046 (CAL0000020544!).(Fig. 12) Notes: J.D. Hooker (1885) described Leucas helferi based on the specimens collected by Helfer from Tenasserim but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he cited the date of collection, collection number and the name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Pertaining to the specification given in protologue only one specimen of L. helferi collected by Helfer from Tenasserim is extant now at CAL (CAL0000020544).The types of J.D. Hooker's are known to be at K, sometimes at BM, E and P, but no original materials are found there.Although, the specimen CAL0000020544 was not examined by J.D. Hooker, but was collected by Helfer from Tenasserim and it is a part of original gathering.So, this should be considered as original material according to Art. 9.3(c) of Melbourne Code (McNeill et al. 2012) and is chosen here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.n. 2057 were known (CAL362481, K000929508 and K001115019).Only the two specimens at K have been considered here to choose the lectotype specimen for this name because Bentham worked at K. The herbarium sheet K000929508 belongs to herbarium Benthamianum and is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.Notes: Bentham (1830) described Leucas teres based on the gathering from Irawaddi of Wallich cat.n. 2060, but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the holotype nor did he mention the date of collection and name of herbarium where the specimens were housed.Pertaining to the specification given in protologue, three specimens from Irawaddi of Wallich cat.n. 2060 were known (K000929482, K000929483 and K001115024).Of these, the herbarium sheet K000929483, from the Benthamianum herbarium, is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.