Mortality In Thalassemic Patients From Solapur District , Maharashtra State , India

Objective: The aim of the present study is to surveying the mortality in thalassemic patients from Solapur District, Maharashtra State, India. Methods: Present observational survey study, one hundred twenty five clinically proved by their medical reports, cases of thalassemic children's with age 6 months to 18 Years, coming for to get blood transfusion from different parts of Solapur district. Results: The results indicates that the increased mortality during 11-15 years of age. As a result, transfusional iron overload can cause increased morbidity and premature mortality in thalassemia patients. This study will be helpful in further defining the morbidity and mortality in thalassemic patients.


Introduction
Thalassemia is the name of a group of genetic, inherited blood disorder passed down through families in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.It results in excessive destruction of red blood cells, which leads to anemia.It is not infectious and cannot be passed from one individual to the other by personal or any other contact, or through blood transfusion, food or air (Wikipedia, 2008).Individuals with thalassemia major have severe anemia and hepatosplenomegaly.Without treatment, affected children have severe failure to thrive and shortened life expectancy.Treatment with a regular transfusion program, chelation therapy, bone marrow transplantation and medication aimed at reducing transfusion iron overload, allows for normal growth and development and extends life expectancy into the third to fifth decade (Gene Reviews, 2009).Thalassemia is a major health problem, placing an immeasurable emotional, psychological and economic burden on millions of people around the World (Panos, 2005; Riewpaiboo et al. 2010).Recent data indicate that about 7% of the World's population is a carrier of a hemoglobin disorder and that 300,000-500,000 children are born each year with the severe homozygous states of these diseases (WHO-March of dime, 2006).The carrier rate for beta thalassemia gene varies from 1 to 3% in Southern India to 3% to 15% in Northern India.Certain communities in India, such as Punjabis and Sindhis from Northern India, Kutchis, Bhanushali's, Lohana's from Gujarat, Neobuddhist's, Koli's and Agri's, Lingayat's from Maharashtra have a higher carrier rate (Verma et al., 1992;Mhaskar et al., 1997).The present study includes surveying the mortality in thalassemic patients from Solapur District, Maharashtra State, India.All individuals were non-related and their selection depended on their well-defined phenotypes, transfusion-dependency, and geographical origins.

Thalassemia patients
Present observational survey study, one hundred twenty five (Male =73, Female =52) clinically proved by their medical reports, cases of thalassemic children's with age 6 months to 18 Years, coming for to get blood transfusion from different parts of Solapur district, Maharashtra State during August 2008 to July 2010.The age at commencement of transfusion was more than six months and the intervals between the transfusions were at least 3 weeks.Information of each patient regarding their age and sex was noted at the time of sample collectionThe entire survey study was carried out under the observations of Medical officer from Thalassemia transfusion centre, Indian Red Cross Society, Gopabai Damani Blood Bank, Solapur Maharashtra, India.
The study population consisted of one hundred twenty five, cases of Thalassemia children attending for regular blood transfusions in the following blood banks and hospitals collaborating in this multicentre study were carried out, with prior written consent from the parents/ guardians.
The results compared with the findings of the Geographical distribution of Thalassemia.The geographical regions of Solapur District, Thalassemia analyzed (Figure -I) in the framework research work: i) Akkalkot ii) Barshi iii) Karmala iv) Madha v) Malshirus vi) Mangalveda vii) Mohol viii) North Solapur ix) Pandharpur x) South Solapur xi) Sangola xii) Solapur City Corresponds: Dama Laxmikant Basavraj, Department of Zoology, D. B. F. Dayanand College of Arts and Science, Solapur -413002, Maharashtra, India.
Darbari et al. (2006))m (1997);Borgna-Pignatti (2005)andDarbari et al. (2006).The greater the transfusion requirement, the greater the risk of premature mortality was observed during the study.The only way to prevent the disease and reduce the morbidity and mortality is by educating the patients and Mortality In Thalassemic Patients From Solapur District, Maharashtra State, India parents.For this reason in this present study, awareness among parents of thalassemic patients regarding the disease was evaluated.Epidemiological transition caused by improvements in hygiene, nutrition, proper medication, blood transfusions and control of infection that has reduced childhood mortality.