@article{Sultana_Maruf_Sultana_Jahan_2017, title={Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteric Fever: A Review Update}, volume={3}, url={https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJID/article/view/33834}, DOI={10.3329/bjid.v3i2.33834}, abstractNote={<p><span><span>The diagnosis of typhoid fever on clinical presentations alone is difficult, as the presenting symptoms are <span>diverse and similar to those observed with other febrile illnesses, especially during the first weeks of the <span>infection. Therefore, laboratory-based investigations are essential for supporting the diagnosis of the <span>disease. The “gold standard” for diagnosis of typhoid fever is the isolation of <span><em>Salmonella typhi </em><span>from <span>appropriate samples including blood, bone marrow aspirates, stool, urine and rose spots. This facility is <span>not available in many areas where the disease is endemic. Serodiagnosis depends upon the 100-year-old <span>Widal test, and other serological diagnostic tools have limitations because of their low sensitivity and/or <span>specificity. The development of molecular methods for diagnosis of infectious diseases, including typhoid <span>fever has improved the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis. One of the molecular methods, Polymerase <span>chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and rapid method to detect microbial pathogens in clinical <span>specimens. Antigen detection has not been investigated for well over three decades and detecting an <span>immune response specific for typhoid fever has been done only with antibody detection. There is an <span>urgent need for the rational design and evaluation of effective and appropriate diagnostics for typhoid <span>fever which must include the emerging threat of <span><em>S. typhi</em><span>. However, monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility <span>patterns will ensure that signs of developing resistance are detected early and that the appropriate action is <span>taken. Therefore, this present review has been designed to describe the different diagnostic procedure of <span>typhoid fever. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(2):43-51</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></p>}, number={2}, journal={Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases}, author={Sultana, Safia and Maruf, Md Abdoullah Al and Sultana, Rabeka and Jahan, Shahanaz}, year={2017}, month={Aug.}, pages={43–51} }