Bangladesh Agronomy Journal

Study on growth and yield of some aromatic rice varieties

2023-11-07T04:16:06+00:00

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during the period from June to December 2017 with seventeen aromatic rice varieties viz., V₁= Chiniatap 1, V₂= Chiniatap 2, V₃= Kataribhog 1, V₄= Kataribhog 2, V₅= BRRI dhan34, V₆= BRRI dhan37, V₇= BRRI dhan38, V₈= BR5/Dulabhog, V₉= Khoisanne, V₁₀ = Sadasanne, V₁₁= Zirabhog, V₁₂= Begun bichi, V₁₃= Shakkhorkhora, V₁₄= Chinigura, V₁₅= Kalijira, V₁₆= Badshabhog, V₁₇= Modhumala to study on growth and yield of some aromatic rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Regarding growth and yield parameters, the highest number of total tillers hill⁻¹ (23.33), leaf area index (5.38), flag leaf length (30.12 cm), number of effective tillers hill⁻¹ (21.67), panicle length (32.00 cm), number of grains panicle⁻¹ (230.3), number of filled grains panicle⁻¹ (212.7), grain yield (3.42 t ha⁻¹), straw yield (6.19 t ha⁻¹) and number of biological yield (9.610 t ha⁻¹) were found in var. BRRI dhan37 but the highest 1000- grains weight (22.80 g) and harvest index (37.48%) were found Modhumala followed by BRRI dhan34, respectively. The lowest number of effective tillers hill⁻¹ (13.33), panicle length (24.67 cm), grain yield (1.583 t ha⁻¹), straw yield (4.083 t ha⁻¹), biological yield (5.667 t ha⁻¹) and harvest index (27.89%) were found in the var. Modhumala.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 1-8

Effect of leaf clipping on growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

2023-11-07T04:23:34+00:00

An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka to investigate the effect of variety and leaf clipping on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) from March to June-2019. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The treatments were Blackgram variety (3); V₁: BARI Mash-1, V₂: BARI Mash-2 and V₃: BARI Mash-3, and leaf clipping (4); C₀: No leaf clipping (control), C₁: Clipping of 1^st basal leaf, C₂: Clipping of 2^nd basal leaves and C₃: Clipping of total apical leaves having no inflorescence. Growth, yield and yield contributing characteristics were compared under different treatments. Results indicated that variety and leaf clipping significantly affected most of the growth and yield contributing characteristics of blackgram. In the case of variety, mthe aximum value of the yield and yield contributing characteristics such as pod⁻¹ length (8.99 cm), pods plant⁻¹(14.00), number of seeds pod⁻¹ (9.78), 1000 seeds weight (48.58 g), and seed yield (1381.70 kg ha⁻¹), were observed in var. BARI Mash-3_.In the case of leaf clipping, maximum pod length (8.44 cm), pods plant⁻¹(15.18), seeds pod (9.32), 1000- seeds weight (48.33 g), seed yield (1306.7 kg ha⁻¹), was recorded in Clipping of 1^st basal leaf treatment. The blackgram var. BARI Mash-3 and clipping of 1^st basal leaf was found superior in producing maximum pod length (9.32 cm), number of pods plant⁻¹ (16.87), number of seeds pod⁻¹ (10.80), 1000- seeds weight (51.67 g), and seed yield (1456.70 kg ha⁻¹). So, var. BARI Mash-3 and clipping of 1^st basal leaf may improve the growth and yield of blackgram.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 9-17

Assessment of Yield and Yield Attributes of Tossa Jute as Affected by Variety and Field Duration

2023-11-07T07:33:40+00:00

A study was conducted at the Jute Research Sub-Station (JRSS), Tarabo, Narayanganj in 2022 to find out the suitable varieties and field duration for tossa jute (Corcorus olitorius) harvesting for better fibre and stick yield production. The treatment was assigned of tossa jute varieties (3) viz., BJRI Tossa pat-7, Robi-1 (BJRI Tossa pat-8) and Indian variety JRO-524 and four field durations viz. 90, 100, 110, and 120 days, respectively. A factorial RCBD design with three replications was used. Results showed that varieties and field duration significantly affected plant height, base diameter, fibre yield and stick yield. The var. JRO-524 had the highest fibre yield (2.30 tha⁻¹) than BJRI Tossa Pat-7 and Robi-1(2.10 tha⁻¹and 2.25 tha⁻¹respectively) when harvested at 90 days after sowing (DAS). On the other hand, BJRI Tossa pat-7 and Robi-1 produced significantly higher fibre yields (3.20 tha⁻¹ and 3.55 tha⁻¹; 3.45 tha⁻¹ and 3.80 tha⁻¹respectively) and stick yields (6.15 tha⁻¹, and 6.25 tha⁻¹; 6.67 tha⁻¹, and 6.84 tha⁻¹respectively) at harvesting 110 and 120 DAS. The results showed that var. BJRI Tossa pat-7 and BJRI Tossa pat-8 could be a better fibre yield and stick yield production when it could be harvested at 120 DAS.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 18-27

Performance of Row Spacing on the Yield of Sesame Varieties

2023-11-07T07:38:56+00:00

The experiment was carried out during kharif-I season of 2020 in the experimental field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Cumilla to evaluate the optimum plant spacing of sesame varieties. There were four plants spacing S₁(30 ××5 cm²), S₂(30×× 10 cm²), S₃(40 ××5 cm²) and S₄(40×× 10 cm²) and two sesame varieties of V₁(BARI Til 3) and V₂(BARI Til 4) were included in the experiment. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. The highest seed yield (1646 kg ha^-1) was found from BARI Til 4 but the highest number of capsule plant^-1 and number of branches plant^-1 were obtained from BARI Til-3. The maximum seed yield (1913 kg ha^-1) was achieved in the interaction of S₄V₂(40 ××10 cm² and BARI Til 4) that was identical to S₂V₂ (30 x 10 cm² and BARI Til 4).

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 28-31

Effect of Crop Establishment Method and Fertilizer Management on Yield Performance of Boro Rice (Var. Brri DHAN28) In T. Aman-Mustard-Boro Rice Cropping Pattern

2023-11-07T07:42:42+00:00

The Study was carried out at the Salpoborian village under Sadr papilla of Mymensingh from February to June 2014 to assess the effect of crop establishment method and fertilizer management on the yield performance of Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern. The experiment comprised three crop establishment methods viz. traditional puddled-transplanting (TPT), unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC), unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) and five levels of fertilizers viz., 100-60-40-60-10 N-P-K-S-Zn kg ha^-1 at recommended (RD) dose (F₁), N-K-S-Zn at RD plus 50% P (F₂), N-P-S-Zn at RD plus 50% K (F₃), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (2.7 g/4 hills) (F₄), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F₅). The experiment was laid out in a split -plot design with 4 replications with crop establishment method in the main- plots and fertilizer management in the sub-plots. Grain yield was not significantly influenced by crop establishment method, fertilizer management and their interactions. However, numerically the maximum grain yield of 3.19 t ha⁻¹ was found in both unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC) and unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) with 3.32 t ha⁻¹ in P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F₅) and 3.47 t ha⁻¹ in unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea and traditional puddled-transplanting with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea. Similar higher gross margin (Tk. 26629 and Tk. 27428) and benefit cost ratio (1.61 and 1.60) was also observed in UZT × F₄ and UDC × F₅, respectively. So, it can be concluded that unpuddled-zero tillage with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (UZT × F₄) and unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as prilled urea (UDC × F₅) is the beneficial technique for Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) cultivation in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 32-39

Selection of Mungbean Genotypes Against Waterlogging Stress

2023-11-08T05:00:14+00:00

A pot experiment was conducted in the vinyl house of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka-1207, during kharif-I season (March to June 2022) to identify waterlog tolerant mungbean genotypes. Thirty mungbean genotypes (29 advanced lines and one variety, BARI Mung-6) were evaluated under waterlogging (96 hours) and normal conditions. Waterlogging caused a drastic reduction in dry matter and seed yield in mungbean, however, genotypes showed variable response to waterlogging. Under waterlog condition the higher relative yield was found in M11, M8, M30, M7, M16 and M14 while lower in M2 and M17. Dry matter production also varied among the genotypes due to waterlogging; however, dry matter production of the genotypes M8, M7, M22, M2, M19 and M11 were comparatively higher than other genotypes. Stress tolerance index (STI), yield index (YI) and relative yield (RY) of M16, M20, M7, M8, M11, M30 and M14 were higher than other genotypes. On the basis of dry matter production, STI, YI and RY, genotypes M7, M8, M11, M12, M16, and M20 could be selected as relatively tolerant genotypes against waterlogging stress.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 40-47

Escalation of Growth and Yield in Mungbean by Sink Manipulation: An Approach for Minimizing Pod Picking Episode

2023-11-08T05:06:50+00:00

Farmers’ frequently experience difficulties with their mungbean (indeterminate type) crops harvests due to continuous picking that prolong the pod-picking episode and cause an economic crisis. To solve these issues, deflowering strategies (sink manipulation) were employed in this study following the randomized complete block design. A series of deflowering strategies were started from 40 days after sowing (DAS) to 55 DAS; resulting reduced pod production as well as pod picking episode (3 to 4 times) with 6.8-36.8% seed yield compared to control. The minimum seed yield reduction was 6.8%; deflowering at 55 DAS; with the maximum gross margin Tk.112,800 ha⁻¹. Considering relative yield, yield reduction, and gross margin, 50 or 55 days produced flower (which would be matured within 60-65 DAS) could be considered for obtaining the economic seed yield.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 48-55

Efficacy of Herbicide Mixtures for Transplanted Aman Rice in Silty Clay Loam Soil of Bangladesh

2023-11-08T05:13:37+00:00

Weed management plays an important role in obtaining target yield. A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July to December 2019 to get the most effective weed control strategy for transplanted Aman rice. The soil of the study field was silty clay loam in nature. The study consisted of two factors i.e., variety (4: Chinigura, BR11(Mukta), BRRI dhan56, and BRRI hybrid dhan6) and herbicide (4) viz., Bispyribac-sodium WP @ 150 g ha^-1, Acetochlor 14% + Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha^-1, Pretilachlor 6% + pyrazosulfuron 0.15% WP @ 9.88 kg ha^-1, and weedy check as a control. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Thirteen weed species were found in the experimental plots, mostly broadleaf and sedge. Monochoria vaginalis was the most dominant weed species. The study noticed that the application of mixed herbicides offered better weed control over single herbicide application. Application of Acetochlor 14% + Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha^-1 significantly reduced weed density and biomass and was the best way of controlling complex weed flora. The study marked out BR11 (Mukta) as the most potential aman rice variety to produce the highest yields at applying Acetochlor 14% + Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha^-1. This treatment gave the highest gross return (Tk. 1,46,010), net return (Tk. 88,699), and benefit-cost ratio (2.55). Therefore, the study suggests the application of mixed herbicides and BR11 (Mukta) to get the optimum yield of transplanted Aman rice and maximum economic benefit.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 56-74

Enhancing Salt Stress Tolerance and Yield Parameters of Proso Millet Through Exogenous Proline and Glycine Betaine Supplementation

2023-11-08T05:28:07+00:00

Proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) act as significant osmoprotectants, potentially mitigating the detrimental effects of various abiotic stresses in plants. Given the growth-enhancing capabilities and other regulatory roles of Pro and GB, the current study was conducted to assess their function in imparting salt stress resilience in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L). Proso millet plants were subjected to two levels of salt stress (S₁ = 150 mM; S₂ = 300 mM). Foliar applications of Pro (0.5 mM) and GB (0.5 mM) were provided under control and salt-stressed conditions at 10-day intervals twice. Compared to control conditions, plant growth, fresh and dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), SPAD value, and yield-contributing attributes noticeably decreased under salt stress. In contrast, plants supplemented with Pro and GB exhibited enhanced characteristics. Moreover, growth and yield parameters improved in salt-treated proso millet plants when supplemented with Pro and GB. These results suggest that the foliar application of Pro and GB can alleviate salt-induced oxidative stress in proso millet plants by modulating the antioxidative defense.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 75-83

Determination of Economic Nitrogen Rate for Transplanted Aus Rice Varieties of Bangladesh

2023-11-08T08:28:22+00:00

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Dhaka, from April to September 2019 to determine the economic nitrogen rates for popular transplanted Aus varieties. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with two factors. Factor A: three varieties as- BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82; and Factor B: five levels of nitrogen rates as- 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha⁻¹. The experimental data show the individual effect of variety and nitrogen (N) rate was significant in the case of N concentration, N uptake in grain and straw, and nitrogen harvest index (NHI). Overall, increasing N rate increases grain and straw's concentration irrespective of varieties. But higher N concentration and uptake were observed in the N rate of N₆₀-N₁₀₀ kg ha⁻¹ in all varieties. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan82 observed higher N uptake (61.23 kg ha⁻¹) in grain. Higher total N uptake was also observed in BRRI dhan48 at 80 kg N ha⁻¹. NHI ranged from 55 to 72 % in different N levels, indicating 55 to 72% of the absorbed N translocated to the grains, and 45% to 32% remained in the dry matter within varieties. The estimated economic nitrogen dose for maximum yield was determined by regression analysis, and found that N rates of BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82 were 97, 95, and 55 kg ha⁻¹, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that the response of different N rates on three Aus varieties was linear up to 80 kg N ha⁻¹ might be owing to better N uptake that made yield increase after that decreasing.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 84-95

Effects of Planting Geometry and Fertilizer Management on Light Interception, Chlorophyll Content and Productivity in Baby Corn Cultivation

2023-11-08T08:31:44+00:00

A field experiment was conducted during during rabi seasons (December to March) of 2019-20 and 2020-21 to find out optimum plant spacing and fertilizer levels on yield of baby corn. Three plant spacing viz, S₁=40 cm × 20 cm (1,25000 plants ha⁻¹), S₂=50 cm × 20 cm (100000 plants ha⁻¹) and S₃ =60 cm × 20 cm (83333 plants ha⁻¹) and three fertilizer doses viz, F₁= 150- 30- 50- 25-3. 5- 1.5 kg ha⁻¹of NPKSZnB (Recommended fertilizer dose for baby corn), F₂= F₁ + 25% NPK and F₃= F₁ + 50% NPK, were used as treatments. Results revealed that, planting geometry and fertilizer levels showed great influence on leaf area index (LAI), light interception, dry matter production and yield of babycorn. LAI was found the highest with the population of 125000 plants ha⁻¹ receiving N₂₂₅P₄₅K₇₅ kg ha⁻¹.Light absorption was maximum at densely plant population with N₂₂₅P₄₅K₇₅ kg ha⁻¹. Response of soil-plant-analysis development (SPAD) value to planting geometry and fertilizer level was found significant. Plants grown with 40 cm × 20 cm spacing (125000 plants ha⁻¹) with recommended ferltilizer dose + 50% N- P- K of RF gave the highest dehusked cob yield over the years (3.42 and 3.73 t ha^–1) which was followed by 40cm × 20 cm (1,25,000 plants ha⁻¹) with recommended fertilizer dose + 25% N-P-K of RF. Though S₁F₃combination gave the highest gross return (Tk.333140 ha^–1 in 2019-20 and Tk. 378900 ha^–1 in 2020-21) but the highest benefit cost ratio over the years (3.64 and 3.83) was recorded in S1F2 treatment. The overall results indicated that 40 cm × 20 cm (1,25,000 plants ha⁻1) with fertilizer dose of RFD + 25% NPK (N187.5 P37.5K62.5 S25Zn3. 5B1.5 kg ha⁻1) might be economically profitable for baby corn production.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 96-103

Influence of Agronomic Managements on Growth and Yield of Boro Rice

2023-11-08T08:37:38+00:00

The study was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from December 2018 to April 2019, to find out the agronomic practices on the growth and yield of Boro The trial was conducted with two rice varieties namely V₁ (BRRI dhan84) and V₂ (BRRI hybriddhan5), and 5 different agronomic practices such as M₀ (no management), where variety in maim-plot and management practices in sub-plot. The results showed significant variations in weed severity, and l yield of Boro rice. Specific observations included plants reaching heights of 24.81 cm, 51.56 cm, 86.71 cm, and 119.21 cm at 20, 45, 70 days after transplanting (DAT), and at harvest, respectively. V₂ exhibited a higher grain yield (5.36 t ha⁻¹) but a reduced straw yield (4.97 t ha⁻¹) compared to V₁. Generally, regardless of the agronomic practices, BRRI dhan84 exhibited greater plant height, except under the 'no management' practice. The grain yield (6.70 t ha⁻¹) was obtained with M₆, and the maximum straw yield (6.55 t ha⁻¹) to M₄. The interaction effects showed that highest grain yield (7.35 t ha⁻¹) from V₂M₆, while with V₁M_0.The most significant yield reduction for BRRI dhan84 was 84% with no management and 80% with no fertilizer, while BRRI hybriddhan5 showed a 71% reduction under similar conditions.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 104-111

Effect of Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Boro and T. Aman Rice in the Soils of Industrially Polluted Agricultural Land Areas of Madhupur

2023-11-08T08:45:15+00:00

A pot experiment was conducted during 2018-19 in a net house at the Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, to determine fertilizer's effect on the growth and yield of Boro and T. Aman rice in the soils of industrially polluted agricultural land areas of Madhupur Tract. The study consisted of two factors, i.e., polluted soil viz., S₁: Non-polluted soil, S₂: polluted soil-1, S₃: polluted soil-2, S₄: polluted soil-3, and four fertilizer treatments viz., T₀: Control, T₁: N₁₅₀P₃₀K₆₀S₂₀Zn_3.0(100%RDCF)_,T₂: N₁₀₅P₂₁K₄₂S₁₄Zn_2.1(70%RDCF) T₃: N₇₅P₁₅K₃₀S₁₀Zn_1.5(50%RDCF) The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Among the soils, the highest Boro rice grain yield of 90.83 g pot^-1was found in S₂(polluted soil-1) soil, and the lowest 41.66 g pot^-1 in soil S₁(Non-polluted soil). The treatment T₃(50% RDCF) fertilizer treatment gave the highest plant height (84.12 cm), effective tillers (42.5 hill^–1), straw (112.58g pot^–1) and grain yield (80.03g pot⁻¹) of Boro rice. The higher grain and straw yields of Boro rice were obtained from two industrially polluted soils (S₂ and S₄). The maximum grain yield (112.3g pot^–1) of Boro was found in S₂T₃(Contaminated soil 1 and 50% RDCF) , which was statistically similar to S₄T₂ and S₄T₃ and lowest in the S₁T₀ treatment combination. The maximum T. Aman grain yield (38.75gpot⁻¹) was obtained in soil S₂(polluted soil-1), which at par to S₄(polluted soil-3). The maximum T. Aman rice grain yield (36.68 g pot⁻¹) was found in the T₂ treatment, which was closely by T₁ treatment. Similarly, the maximum T. Aman grain yield was obtained in S₂T₁(Contaminated soil 1 and 100% RDCF) which was statistically similar to S₂T₂, S₄T_1, and S₄T₂ and lowest in the S₁T₀treatment combination. The highest T. Aman straw yield was found in the S₃T₁ and lowest in the S₁T₀treatment combination.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 112-121

Yield Performance of Chia (Salvia Hispanica L.) In Response to Planting Spacing and Npk Fertilizers

2023-11-08T08:46:15+00:00

Optimization of plant spacing, and fertilizer dose is very important for realizing maximum yield of a crop. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2020 to March 2021 to determine the effect of different spacing and NPK fertilizer levels on yield and yield attributes of chia seed. The experiment consisted of four different spacing viz. 30 cm × 15 cm (S₁), 30 cm × 30 cm (S₂), 40 cm × 15 cm (S₃) and 40 cm × 30 cm (S₄) and five levels of NPK fertilizer viz. No NPK (F₀), 30: 20: 25 kg NPK ha^-1 (F₁), 60: 40: 50 kg NPK ha^-1 (F₂), 90: 60: 75 kg NPK ha^-1 (F₃) and 120: 80: 100 kg NPK ha^-1 (F₄). The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results revealed that 40 cm × 30 cm spacing produced the highest number of inflorescences plant^-1, seed yield and haulm yield. The fertilizer level 90: 60: 75 kg NPK ha^-1 showed the highest seed yield and haulm yield while 120:80 :100 kg NPK ha^-1exhibited the maximum number of inflorescences plant^-1. The combination of 30 cm ×30 cm spacing and 90: 60: 75 kg NPK ha^-1 produced the highest number of inflorescences plant^-1 and seed yield whereas the combination of 40 cm × 30 cm spacing and 90: 60: 75 kg NPK ha^-1 had the highest haulm yield. The present study concluded that cultivation of chia at a spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm and fertilized with 90: 60: 75 kg NPK ha^-1 could be considered as the promising practice for reasonable seed yield.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 122-127